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Question
Explain the anomalous behaviour of copper.
Solution
- Copper (Cu) has atomic number 29.
- Its expected electronic configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d9.
- The 3d orbital is neither half-filled nor fully filled. Hence, it has less stability.
- Due to interelectronic repulsion forces, one 4s electron enters into a 3d orbital. This makes 3d orbital completely filled and 4s orbital half-filled which gives extra stability and the electronic configuration of Cu becomes, 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 3d10.
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