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Question
Explain the following concept with examples.
Varna system
Solution
- The Varna System during Vedic period referred to the social order or class of people. There was flexibility and fluidity with respect to occupation.
- It was only towards the end of the Vedic period that Varna turned into a rigid jati (caste) hierarchy based on the ideology of ‘purity and pollution’.
- Notions of purity and pollution continue to be followed in everyday practices such as food and water intake, dressing, occupation, worship, social interactions, travel etc.
- For Example -
- Brahmin - priests, teachers, intellectuals
- Kshatriya - rulers and warriors
- Vaishya - Merchants, traders, farmers
- Shudra - Menial work
- The first three varnas began to call themselves the upper varnas. They became the ‘twice-born’ (dvija) because they were entitled to the initiation ceremony (upanayana).
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