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Question
Explain the function of the neuron.
Solution
- The neuron is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system.
- The main function of neurons is to transmit signals to and from the brain. Neurons are arranged end to end, forming a chain. This helps in the continuous transmission of impulses. Each neuron receives an impulse through its dendrite and transmits it to the next neuron in a sequence through its axon.
- A neuron's dendritic tip receives information that triggers a chemical process that results in an electrical impulse. The impulse leaves the dendrite and moves along the end axon. The electrical impulse at the end of the axon triggers the release of certain substances, which pass through the synapse and initiate a comparable impulse in the dendrite of the subsequent neuron. Nerve impulses go throughout the body in this manner.
- Therefore, nervous tissue is composed of a well-organised network of neurons that are specialised in sending electrical impulses from one area of the body to another in order to transmit information.
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