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Question
Give the reaction of acid with nitrates. State the conditions under which they react.
Solution
Nitrates do not react with dilute acids. Lead nitrate solution reacts with dilute HCl and H2S04 to produce insoluble lead salts.
\[\ce{Pb(NO3)2 + 2HCl -> PbCl2 + 2HNO3}\]
\[\ce{Pb(NO3)2 + H2SO4 -> PbSO4 + 2HNO3}\]
Nitrates when heated with conc. sulphuric acid produce more volatile nitric acid.
\[\ce{KNO3 + H2SO4 →[below 200°C] KHSO4 + HNO3}\]
\[\ce{2KNO3 + H2SO4 ->[above 200^\circ C] K2SO4 + 2HNO3}\]
Both chlorides and nitrates do not react with dilute acids; they react with concentrated acids.
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