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Question
Give the reaction of acid with chlorides. State the conditions under which they react.
Solution
Chlorides react with concentrated sulphuric acid on warming to liberate hydrogen chloride.
The process requires two steps due to the presence of two replaceable hydrogen ions in H2SO4.
\[\ce{NaCl + H2SO4(conc.) ->[below 200^\circ C] NaHSO4 + HCl\uparrow}\]
\[\ce{2NaCl + H2SO4 ->[above 200°C] Na2SO5 + 2HCl}\]
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