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Question
Growth hormone is important for normal growth. Justify the statement.
Solution
Growth hormone promotes growth of all the tissues and the metabolic process of the body. It influences the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. It increases the rate of protein biosynthesis in the cells.
It stimulates chondrogenesis (cartilage formation), osteogenesis (bone formation) and helps in the retention of minerals like nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, sodium, etc in the body. It increases the release of fatty acid from adipose tissue and decreases the rate of glucose utilization for energy by the cells. The hyposecretion of growth hormones causes dwarfism in children.
RELATED QUESTIONS
Draw an outline figure of the human body and show the location of different endocrine glands.
What would a child suffer from if there was hyposecretion from his thyroid?
Mention which of the statements are true (T) and which are false (F). Give reason in support of your answer.
There are two kinds of diabetes (mild and severe) related with two different hormones.
Do you agree with the statement – “ All hormones are chemical signals”? Yes / No. Justify your answer.
Compare the hormonal response with the nervous response with respect to their speed, transmission and the general nature of changes brought about.
Give the special function of the following:
Adrenocorticotrophic hormone
Which one of the following statement is true/ false?
The pituitary gland is both exocrine and endocrine in function.
Name the hormones secreted by the following glands:
(i) Anterior pituitary
(ii) Testes
(iii) Ovary
(iv) Adrenal cortex
(v) Pancreas
Name the hormone responsible for the following function:
Increased reabsorption of water in the kidneys
Choose the correct answer:
Excess secretion of growth hormone causes ____________
Why are hormones called ‘chemical messengers’?
Which parts of the alimentary canal produce hormones?
Name the different endocrine glands found in the body of man.
Complete the following:
| Gland/Organ | Hormone | Function |
| (i) Stomach | __________ | __________ |
| (ii) Parathyroid | __________ | __________ |
| (iii) __________ | __________ | Lowers blood sugar level. |
| (iv) Adrenal medulla | __________ | __________ |
| (v) Pancreas (Alpha cells) | __________ | __________ |
| (vi) Testes | __________ | __________ |
Differentiate: Hormones and Enzyme.
Differentiate: Insulin and Glucagon.
Name the Following: Hormone controls absorption of water from kidney tubules.
Give the Technical Term: Name a hormone which controls developments of male secondary sexual characters.
Give the Technical Term: Name the glands which secrete the following hormone: Progesterone
Place the words at the bottom of the page next to the number that shows the location of the Endocrine Glands.
(1) ________
(2) ________
(3) ________
(4) ________
(5) ________
(6) ________
(7) ________
(8) ________
(9) ________
Pancreas Hypothalamus Pituitary Parathyroid Ovaries Adrenal Thyroid Thymus Testes
Given alongside are the diagrammatic sketches of some endocrine glands. Observe the figures and answer the following questions:
(i) Label the parts numbered 1 to 5.
(ii) Name the hormones secreted by (2) and (5).
(iii) Which chemicals in our body are greatly affected by hormones?
(iv) What is the chemical nature of hormones?
(v) Name the elements related to the functioning of hormones secreted by the structure (2) and (5).
The sketch below shows a certain condition in an individual:
(i) Name the condition.
(ii) What is the underlying cause of this condition?
(iii) Name two other conditions that could have resulted due to a similar cause.
(iv) Which hormone is required for iodine synthesis?
(v) Where is the thyroid gland located?
(vi) The hormone secreted by the thyroid gland is controlled from which hormone?
State the Function
Oestradiol
Choose the Odd One Out
Choose the Odd One Out
Column ‘II’ is a list of items related to ideas in Column ‘I’. Match the term in Column ‘II’ with a suitable idea given in Column ‘I’.
| Column A | Column B |
| (i) Pituitary | (a) produces male sex characteristics |
| (ii) Ovaries | (b) decreases blood sugar level |
| (iii) Thyroid | (c) increases heart and breathing rate raises blood pressure |
| (iv) Thymus | (d) produces female sex characteristics |
| (v) Adrenals | (e) is known as emergency hormone |
| (vi) Hypothalamus | (f) regulates the level of calcium and phosphorus |
| (vii) Pancreas | (g) increases the rate of metabolism |
| (viii) Testes | (h) maintains the level of calcium |
| (ix) Parathyroid | regulates the amount of water excreted in the urine. |
| (x) Cretinism | (j) simulates skeletal growth |
| (xi) Diabetes mellitus | (k) regulates the activities of other glands |
| (xii) Insulin shock | (l) stimulates the development of male and female sex organs |
| (xiii) Gigantism | (m) Shortage of glucose in the blood. |
| (xiv) Enlargement of breasts in adult males | (n) Over-secretion of growth hormone |
| (xv) Exophthalmic goiter | (o) Excess of glucose in the blood |
| (xvi) Acromegaly | (p) Over-secretion of thyroxin |
| (xvii) Addison’s disease | (q) Dwarfism and mental retardation |
| (xviii)Cretinism | (r) Over-secretion of cortical hormones |
| (xix) Dwarfism | (s) Under-secretion of the adrenal cortex |
| (xx) Adrenalin | (t) Under-secretion of thyroxin in children |
| (xxi) Vasopressin | (u) Over-secretion of growth hormones in adults |
Vasopressin is concerned with:
Human chronic Gonadotropin:
Multiple choice question.
Which one of the following is a set of discrete endocrine glands?
The structure which connects the hypothalamus with anterior lobe of pituitary gland is the ______.
Name the layers of adrenal cortex and mention their secretions.
Comment on the functions of adrenalin.
Label the endocrine glands in the given figure.
Define the following term:
Endocrine system
Distinguish between the following pair:
Enzymes and hormones (mode of transport and target organ)
