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Question
Many sentences and paragraphs in the excerpt begin with the word ‘And’. To what extent does this contribute to the rhetorical style of the lecture?
Solution
John Ruskin gave ‘What is a Good Book’ as a public lecture in the nineteenth century. His style of speaking is more fluid and conversational as compared to an essay. His repetitive use of ‘And’ or ‘but’ helps in explaining an idea even further. It is more spontaneous like an interaction rather than written and rewritten like an essay.
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RELATED QUESTIONS
Read the following extract and answer the questions given below:
If you do not get lowered in your own eyes
While you raise yourself in those of others,
If you do not give in to gossips and lies
Rather heed them not, saying, 'who bothers?'
You may be the person I am looking for.
If you crave not for praise when you win
And look not for sympathy while you lose,
If cheers let not your head toss or spin
And after a set-back, you offer no excuse,
You may be the person I and looking for.
(1) What should be your reaction towards gossips and lies?
(2) Who are your role models? Why?
(3) Give the rhyming pairs of words from the first stanza.
(4) Which line is repeated in this extract and what is its effect?
Read the following passage carefully and complete the activities given below :
A.1) Complete the web :
Write the words from the passage on the web. 
We saw small bits of grass peeping through the small cracks in concrete pavement. It left us thinking: however impossible things may look, there is always an opening…………
We saw a tree bare of all leaves in the cold winter months. We thought its chapter was over. But three months passed, spring set in and the tree was back to its green majesty once again, full of leaves, flowers, birds, and life. What if we too had the conviction that, however difficult things are right now, it will not remain so forever. Remember, this too shall pass.
We saw an army of ants lugging a fly which was at least ten times the ant’s size. The ants organized themselves around the fly, lifted it on frail feelers and carried it to quite a distance. Their teamwork and perseverance were impressive. What if we too are consistent, organized, focused ……… Spider webs are delicate, yet very strong. A rainbow colors the entire sky. Oysters take in a grain of sand they open up with a pearl. Innumerable stars shine across the infinite sky. Clouds take new shapes with every passing moment. The wind makes trees dance with unhindered passion. Water, without a hint of ego, changes its form according to the dictates of the sun and the wind. When we see a caterpillar turn into a butterfly, a flower turns into a fruit, we experience the alchemy of nature ………. We touch it and become gold ourselves.
A.2) Finding meanings :
Write what you mean by :
(i) _______ there is always an opening.
(ii) _______ its chapter was over.
(iii) _______ the tree was back to its green majesty.
(iv) _______ this too shall pass.
A.3) Matching :
Match the words in Column ‘A’ with their synonyms in Column ‘B’:
| Column 'A' | Column'B" | ||
| (i) | conviction | (a) | strong feeling |
| (ii) | alchemy | (b) | delicate |
| (iii) | frail | (c) | mysterious/magical power |
| (iv) | passion | (d) | strong belief |
A.4) Language study :
Rewrite the sentence using the correct question tag given in the brackets :
(i) Water changes its form. (does it?, do it?, do they?, doesn’t it)
(ii) However impossible things may look, there is always an opening. (Rewrite using ‘but’)
A.5) Personal Response :
Nature is the best teacher. Explain.
How, according to you, can peace and liberty be maintained in a state?
Explain the line:
'I seemed to detect in myself a sort of sneaking fellow-feeling for the mummy in the museum, and a desire to swap news with him.
How does the ‘assortment of remarks’ compiled by the author give us an understanding of the ways of science and poetry?
What are the cues that signal the presence of the peacock in the vicinity?
What is the emphasis placed by Ruskin on accuracy?
There are intervals of silence in the interaction between the landlady and the prospective tenant. What are the reasons for this?
Discuss the following in pairs or in small groups.
“Before you begin experimenting you need to perfect the technique with which you experiment.”
Name the world-famous personality who reached great heights despite of humble circumstances.
Complete the following sentence using your idea:
I can ______.
On any one page, note against the speech of every character what feelings it should show to bring out the meaning best. For example, joy, fear, anger, nervousness, friendliness, dislike, surprise, wonder, excitement, politeness, rudeness, cunning, curiosity.
Antonio’s ships were lost at sea.
Listen and complete:
Close your books. The teacher will dictate some lines from the poem. She will say the first half and you have to write the entire line/verse.
- I know a funny ____________ As quiet as a ____________ Who does the mischief that is done ____________.
- There’s no one ever sees his face, And yet we all ____________ That every plate we break was ____________ By ____________.
Read the passage and answer the following:
When was the book written?
What do the following event/action tell us about the characters? Discuss.
Arthur agreed to bring Sir Kay a sword at once.
You want to start human settlement somewhere else other than the earth, in the universe. Will you select a star or a planet? Why? What features supporting life will you look for? Try to find answers to such questions and make a presentation using scientific information and your imagination.
Guess the meaning of the following word.
fruitless
Read the word. Write the words that combine to make it.
anywhere
How was Gulliver tied down on the seashore?
Read the following.
- Skipper: captain of a ship or boat.
- Dipper: This word has two meanings. Dipper means a container for taking out water. Also, there are two constellations called Little Dipper (Little Bear) and Big Dipper (Big Bear) in the sky.
- Milky Way: The band of light consisting of stars that spreads across the sky at night.
What powers did Prospero posses?
Read the story again and write how these character reacted in these situation:
You are an absolute treasure…………. Dr.Krishnan………………..
Zigzag………………………..
‘ If only her son were there, it would have been a different kind of Eid’! What had happened to her son?
What do you need to learn to live a good life in this world?
Read the poem aloud in pairs
“I will die, but not run away.” – Justify the saying of Neerja.
A tiny bird looked for a place to lay her eggs.
Complete the sentence given below with word/phrase.
The hole became ______ and ______.
Being a bachelor, the stranger had no patience with children.
