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Question
Name the atoms of a substance having same atomic number, but different mass numbers. Give one example of such a substance. How do the structures of such atoms differ?
Solution
Atoms of a substance having the same atomic number, but different mass numbers, are called isotopes.
Example: Hydrogen has three isotopes
- Protium \[\ce{^1_1H}\]
- deuterium \[\ce{^2_1H}\]
- tritium \[\ce{^3_1H}\]
Difference in structure:
| Parameter | Protium \[\ce{^1_1H}\] | Deuterium \[\ce{^2_1H}\] | Tritium \[\ce{^3_1H}\] |
| Value of Z and A | Z = 1; A =2 | Z = 1, A = 3 | Z = 1, A = 1 |
| No. of protons | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| no. of neutrons | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| no. of electrons | 1 | 1 | 1 |
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RELATED QUESTIONS
State whether the following statement is true or false :
Radioactive isotope of iodine is used for making the medicine called tincture iodine.
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The number of protons, neutrons and electrons in particles A to E are given below :
| Particle | Protons | Neutrons | Electrons |
| A | 17 | 18 | 17 |
| B | 3 | 4 | 2 |
| C | 18 | 22 | 18 |
| D | 17 | 20 | 17 |
| E | 9 | 10 | 10 |
Giving reasons, find a pair of isotopes from the above particles.
The composition of two atomic particles is given below :
| X | Y | |
| Protons : | 8 | 8 |
| Neutrons : | 8 | 9 |
| Electrons : | 8 | 8 |
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(ii) What is the mass number of Y ?
(iii) What is the relation between X and Y ?
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Name or state the following.
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The isotope was used to remove the brain tumor and treatment of Cancer in ______.
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