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प्रश्न
Name the atoms of a substance having same atomic number, but different mass numbers. Give one example of such a substance. How do the structures of such atoms differ?
उत्तर
Atoms of a substance having the same atomic number, but different mass numbers, are called isotopes.
Example: Hydrogen has three isotopes
- Protium \[\ce{^1_1H}\]
- deuterium \[\ce{^2_1H}\]
- tritium \[\ce{^3_1H}\]
Difference in structure:
| Parameter | Protium \[\ce{^1_1H}\] | Deuterium \[\ce{^2_1H}\] | Tritium \[\ce{^3_1H}\] |
| Value of Z and A | Z = 1; A =2 | Z = 1, A = 3 | Z = 1, A = 1 |
| No. of protons | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| no. of neutrons | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| no. of electrons | 1 | 1 | 1 |
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| E | 9 | 10 | 10 |
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