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Question
Starting with sodium chloride how would you proceed to prepare sodium carbonate?
Solution
Sodium carbonate is prepared by Solvay process. Sodium hydrogen carbonate is precipitated in a reaction of sodium chloride and ammonium hydrogen carbonate.
\[\ce{2NH_3 + H_2O + CO_2 -> (NH_4)_2 CO_3}\]
\[\ce{(NH_4)_2CO_3 + H_2O + CO_2 -> 2NH_4HCO_3}\]
\[\ce{NH_4HCO_3 + NaCl -> NH_4Cl + NaHCO_3}\]
These sodium hydrogen carbonate crystals are heated to give sodium carbonate.
\[\ce{2NaHCO_3 -> Na_2CO_3 + CO_2 + H_2O}\]
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