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Question
Water in a pond appears to be only three-quarters of its actual depth.
- What property of light is responsible for this observation? Illustrate your answer with the help of a ray diagram.
- How is the refractive index of water calculated from its real and apparent depth?
Solution
Light has a feature called refraction, which states that "light bends away from normal when it travels from a denser medium to a rarer medium."
Real-depth AK observed depth BK, BK < AK
Because of this, the water looks shallower than it actually is.
Refractive index of water = `"real depth"/"apparent depth"`
real depth = 1m
Apparent depth = `3/4` m
`mu "water" = 1/(3/4) = 4/3`
μ water = 1.33
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