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What is meant by an equipotential surface? - Physics (Theory)

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Question

What is meant by an equipotential surface?

One Line Answer

Solution

The surface of locus of all points at the same potential.

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Equipotential Surfaces
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The top of the atmosphere is at about 400 kV with respect to the surface of the earth, corresponding to an electric field that decreases with altitude. Near the surface of the earth, the field is about 100 Vm−1. Why then do we not get an electric shock as we step out of our house into the open? (Assume the house to be a steel cage so there is no field inside!)


Depict the equipotential surfaces for a system of two identical positive point charges placed a distance(d) apart?


Draw the equipotential surfaces due to an electric dipole.


Assertion: Electric field is discontinuous across the surface of a spherical charged shell.
Reason: Electric potential is continuous across the surface of a spherical charged shell.


Consider the following statements and select the correct statement(s).

  1. Electric field lines are always perpendicular to equipotential surface.
  2. No two equipotential surfaces can intersect each other.
  3. Electric field lines are in the direction of tangent to an equipotential surface.

The diagrams below show regions of equipotentials.

(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

A positive charge is moved from A to B in each diagram.


Which of the following statements is/are correct for equipotential surface?
  1. The potential at all the points on an equipotential surface is same.
  2. Equipotential surfaces never intersect each other.
  3. Work done in moving a charge from one point to other on an equipotential surface is zero.

Equipotential surfaces ______.


Can two equipotential surfaces intersect each other? 


The work done to move a charge along an equipotential from A to B ______.

  1. cannot be defined as `- int_A^B E.dl`
  2. must be defined as `- int_A^B E.dl`
  3. is zero.
  4. can have a non-zero value.

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