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Question
Write the names and formulas of the products formed when methane reacts with chlorine. Write the chemical equations.
Solution
Substitution reaction takes place.
Methane with Chlorine:
\[\ce{CH4 + Cl2 ->[Sunlight] \underset{Methyl chloride}{CH3Cl} + HCl}\]
or
1.
Methyl chloride
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{H}\phantom{....................}\ce{H}\phantom{.......}\\
|\phantom{.....................}|\phantom{.......}\\
\ce{H - C - H + Cl2 -> H - C - Cl + HCl}\\
|\phantom{.....................}|\phantom{.......}\\
\ce{H}\phantom{....................}\ce{H}\phantom{.......}\\
\end{array}\]
2. Dichloro methane
3. Chloroform or [Tri chlorornethane]
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{Cl}\phantom{....................}\ce{Cl}\phantom{.......}\\
|\phantom{......................}|\phantom{.......}\\
\ce{Cl - C - H + Cl2 -> Cl - C - Cl + HCl}\\
|\phantom{......................}|\phantom{.......}\\
\ce{H}\phantom{.....................}\ce{H}\phantom{.......}\\
\end{array}\]
4. Carbon-tetrachloride
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{Cl}\phantom{...................}\ce{Cl}\phantom{.......}\\
|\phantom{.....................}|\phantom{.......}\\
\ce{Cl - C - H + Cl2 -> Cl - C - Cl + HCl}\\
|\phantom{.....................}|\phantom{.......}\\
\ce{H}\phantom{....................}\ce{Cl}\phantom{.......}\\
\end{array}\]
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Write the IUPAC name of the following :
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{....}\ce{H}\phantom{...} \ce{H} \phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{....}\\
\phantom{..}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{..}\\
\ce{H - C - C = C - H}\\
\phantom{..........}|\\
\phantom{..........} \ce{H}
\end{array}\]
Write the IUPAC name of the following :
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{.}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\\
|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\\
\ce{H - C = C - C - H}\\
\phantom{.........}|\\
\phantom{.........}\ce{H}\\
\end{array}\]
