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Chapters
1.2: On Saying “Please”
1.3: The Cop and the Anthem
1.4: Big Data-Big Insights
1.5: The New Dress
1.6: Into the Wild
1.7: Why we Travel
1.8: Voyaging Towards Excellence
2.1: Song of the Open Road
2.2: Indian Weavers
2.3: The Inchcape Rock
2.4: Have you Earned your Tomorrow
2.5: Father Returning Home
2.6: Money
2.7: She Walks in Beauty
2.8: Small Towns and Rivers
▶ 3.1: Summary Writing
3.2: Do Schools Really Kill Creativity? (Mind-Mapping)
3.3: Note–Making
3.4: Statement of Purpose
3.5: Drafting a Virtual Message
3.6: Group Discussion
4.1: History of Novel
4.2: To Sir, with Love
4.3: Around the World in Eighty Days
4.4: The Sign of Four
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Solutions for Chapter 3.1: Summary Writing
Below listed, you can find solutions for Chapter 3.1 of Maharashtra State Board Balbharati for English - Yuvakbharati 12 Standard HSC Maharashtra State Board.
Balbharati solutions for English - Yuvakbharati 12 Standard HSC Maharashtra State Board 3.1 Summary Writing Ice Breakers [Page 135]
Discuss in pairs and guess the correct alternative for the following.
To summarise means _______ .
Put information in chronological order
To recapitulate the main points in selection
To introduce new information
To write one’s opinion about selection
Discuss in pairs and guess the correct alternative for the following.
The type of summary that consists of a paragraph to express the main idea is _______.
Outline
Report
Synopsis
Written summary
There are various ways of incorporating other writers’ works into your own writing. They differ according to the closeness of your writing to the source writing. Match the ways of writing in brief given in column (A) with their descriptions in column (B).
| Sr. no. | (A) Ways of writing | (B) Descriptions | |
| 1. | Summarising | a. | It includes not just the main idea but every detail expressed clearly and to the point |
| 2. | Paraphrasing | b. | It includes selection of proper lines from the given text for correction, condensation and organization |
| 3. | Précis writing | c. | It includes the most essential part or the crux of the matter. |
| 4. | Quoting | d. | It includes taking a broader segment of the source and condensing it slightly. |
| 5. | Editing | e. | It includes the presentation of main ideas into one’s own words. |
| 6. | Gist writing | f. | It must be identical to the original and match the document word by word. |
Balbharati solutions for English - Yuvakbharati 12 Standard HSC Maharashtra State Board 3.1 Summary Writing Brainstorming (A1) [Page 138]
Complete the following as instructed. Read the passage and write its summary according to the given steps.
Communication is a part of our everyday life. We greet one another, smile or frown, depending on our moods. Animals, too, communicate, much to our surprise. Just like us, interaction among animals can be both verbal or non-verbal. Singing is one way in which animals can interact with one another. Male blackbirds often use their melodious songs to catch the attention of the females. These songs are usually rich in notes variation, encoding various kinds of messages. Songs are also used to warn and keep off other blackbirds from their territory, usually a place where they dwell and reproduce.
Large mammals in the oceans sing too, according to adventurous sailors. Enormous whales groan and grunt while smaller dolphins and porpoises produce pings, whistles, and clicks. These sounds are surprisingly received by other mates as far as several hundred kilometers away.
Balbharati solutions for English - Yuvakbharati 12 Standard HSC Maharashtra State Board 3.1 Summary Writing Brainstorming (A2) [Page 139]
Cut redundant words:
We’re often inefficient in our language, using more words than necessary. Consider the following phrases. Find five more redundant words.
- “Circle around” can become “circle.”
- “Write down” can become “write.”
- “Added bonus” is simply a “bonus.”
- “Get to the point as quickly as possible” is really “get to the point.”
- “Close proximity” is “close.”
- “During the course of” is “during.”
Adverbs clutter up your copy. You can usually live without them. Just delete italicized word and rewrite.
“That’s usually a good thing to do.”
Adverbs clutter up your copy. You can usually live without them. Just delete italicized word and rewrite.
“That’s fairly good coffee.”
Adverbs clutter up your copy. You can usually live without them. Just delete italicized word and rewrite.
“I totally agree.”
Adverbs clutter up your copy. You can usually live without them. Just delete italicized word and rewrite.
“Actually, I disagree.”
One word substitutes are words that replace a group of words or a full-sentence effectively without creating any ambiguity in the meaning of the sentences.
(a) The life story of man written by himself: autobiography
(b) A sound that cannot be heard: inaudible
(c) A list of books: catalogue
(d) A sentence whose meaning is unclear: ambiguous
Find as many examples as you can from the internet and make a list.
Balbharati solutions for English - Yuvakbharati 12 Standard HSC Maharashtra State Board 3.1 Summary Writing Brainstorming (A3) [Pages 139 - 140]
Use of noun in apposition:
Apposition is a grammatical construction in which two elements, normally noun phrases, are placed side by side, with one element serving to identify the other in a different way; the two elements are said to be in apposition.
Apposition can be used to make compound sentences short and simple.
Neha is their eldest child and she is very intelligent.
- Neha, their eldest child, is very intelligent. [Here, Neha and their eldest child are the same person.] Provide two such examples of apposition.
Transforming Complex to Simple: By using phrases like ‘too...to’ or using noun phrase instead of a clause:
Nagpur is the city where oranges grow.
- Oranges grow in Nagpur
The old man is so weak that he cannot walk.
- The old man is too weak to walk.
Change the following sentence into simple:
Mr Rohit is the member and he is also the director.
Transforming Complex to Simple: By using phrases like ‘too...to’ or using noun phrase instead of a clause:
Nagpur is the city where oranges grow.
- Oranges grow in Nagpur
The old man is so weak that he cannot walk.
- The old man is too weak to walk.
Change the following sentence into simple:
The room is so small that it cannot accommodate many people.
Transforming Complex to Simple: By using phrases like ‘too...to’ or using noun phrase instead of a clause:
Nagpur is the city where oranges grow.
- Oranges grow in Nagpur
The old man is so weak that he cannot walk.
- The old man is too weak to walk.
Change the following sentence into simple:
You have to prove that you are innocent.
Transforming Complex to Simple: By using phrases like ‘too...to’ or using noun phrase instead of a clause:
Nagpur is the city where oranges grow.
– Oranges grow in Nagpur.
The old man is so weak that he cannot walk.
– The old man is too weak to walk.
Change the following sentence into simple:
He was late so he walked in a great hurry.
Balbharati solutions for English - Yuvakbharati 12 Standard HSC Maharashtra State Board 3.1 Summary Writing Brainstorming (A4) [Page 140]
Read any book of your choice and write its summary according to the steps explained in the chapter.
Find some professions that require the skill of summary writing and editing. Write them in your notebook.
Solutions for 3.1: Summary Writing
Balbharati solutions for English - Yuvakbharati 12 Standard HSC Maharashtra State Board chapter 3.1 - Summary Writing
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Concepts covered in English - Yuvakbharati 12 Standard HSC Maharashtra State Board chapter 3.1 Summary Writing are Letter Writing, Flyer, Compering, Review, Essay Writing, View and Counterview, Writing Skills, Notice Writing, Appeal, Blog Writing, Dialogue Writing, E-mails Writing, Expansion of Ideas, Film Review, Interview Questions, Report Writing, Speech Writing, Reading Skills, Information Transfer, Narration, Paragraph Writing, Tourist Leaflet, Summary Writing, Summary Writing, Figures of Speech, Parts of Speech, Spotting Errors, Free Verse, Homonyms, Grammar, Spotting Errors, Modal Auxiliary, Articles - A, An, The, Change the Voice, Vocabulary, Types of Sentences, Degrees of Comparison, Use ‘As Soon As’, ‘either ... or’ and ‘No Sooner ... Than’, Tense, Synonyms, Preposition, Use ‘Not Only but Also’, Degrees of Comparison, Direct-Indirect Speech, Gerunds, Participles, and Infinitives, Root Word, Idioms and Phrases, Clauses, Make a Sentence.
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