Topics
Reproduction
Reproduction in Organisms
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
- Introduction of Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
- Flower - a Fascinating Organ of Angiosperms
- Essential Parts of Flower: Androecium
- Development of Female Gametophytes
- Essential Parts of Flower: Gynoecium
- Pollination
- Fertilization Process
- Development of Endosperm
- Polyembryony
- Development of Male Gametophytes
- Significance of Seed Dispersal and Fruit Formation
Human Reproduction
- The Male Reproductive System
- Microscopic Anatomy of Testis
- Microscopic Anatomy of Ovary
- Gametogenesis
- Menstrual Cycle (Ovarian Cycle)
- Fertilization and Implantation
- Embryo Development Upto Blastocyst Formation
- Pregnancy and Embryonic Development
- Parturition and Lactation
Reproductive Health
Genetics and Evolution
Principles of Inheritance and Variation
- Heredity and Variation
- Mendelian Inheritance - Mendel’s Law of Heredity
- Extensions of Mendelian Genetics (Deviation from Mendelism)
- Polygenic Inheritance
- Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance
- Sex Determination
- Sex Determination in Some Insects
- Linkage and Crossing Over
- Genetic Disorders
- Sex Determination in Birds
- Sex Determination in Honey Bees
Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Evolution
- Origin and Evolution of Universe and Earth
- Theories of Origin of Life
- Darwinism
- Evidences for Biological Evolution
- Adaptive Radiation
- Theories of Biological Evolution
- Micro and Macro Evolution
- Organic Evolution
- Speciation
- Hardy Weinberg’s Principle
- Evolution Stages
- Human Evolution
- Modern Synthetic Theory of Evolution
- Gene Flow and Genetic Drift
Biology and Human Welfare
Human Health and Diseases
- Introduction of Human Health and Diseases
- Infectious and Non Infectious Disease
- Maintaining Good Health, Yoga, Excercise
- Common Diseases in Human Beings
- Immunity
- Types of Immunity
- Interferons
- Antibodies
- Vaccination and Immunization
- Allergies (Hypersensitivity)
- Signs and Symptoms of Allergies
- Autoimmunity
- Lymphoid Organs
- Cancer
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD)
- Adolescence - Drug and Alcohol Abuse
Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
Microbes in Human Welfare
- Microbes in Human Welfare
- Microbes in Household Products
- Microbes in Industrial Production
- Microbes in Sewage Treatment
- Microbes in Production of Biogas
- Microbes as Biocontrol Agents
- Energy Generation
- Production and Judicious Use
Biotechnology and Its Applications
Biotechnology - Principles and Processes
- Process and Principles of Biotechnology
- Genetic Engineering (Recombinant DNA Technology).
Biotechnology and Its Applications
Ecology and Environment
Organisms and Populations
Ecosystem
- Introduction and Types of Ecosystem
- Ecosystem - Structure and Function
- Productivity
- Decomposition
- Concept of Energy Flow in an Ecosystem
- Ecological Pyramids
- Ecological Succession
- Nutrient Cycles
- Ecosystem Services
- Ecosystems Patterns
Biodiversity and Its Conservation
- Biodiversity
- Patterns of Biodiversity
- Importance of Biodiversity
- Loss of Biodiversity
- Conservation of Biodiversity
- Endangered Organisms
- Extinction
- Red Data Book
Environmental Issues
- Environmental Issues
- Pollution
- Air Pollution and Its Causes
- Sources of Air Pollution
- Prevention of Air Pollution
- Noise Pollution
- Measures to Limit Noise Pollution
- Introduction of Water Pollution and Its Control
- Water Pollution and Its Causes
- Prevention of Water Pollution
- Composition of Waste Water
- Thermal Pollution
- Eutrophication
- Biochemical Oxygen Demand and Water
- A Case Study of Integrated Waste Water Treatment
- Soil Pollution and its Causes
- Effects of Soil Pollution
- Prevention of Soil Pollution
- Agrochemicals and Their Effects
- Integrated Organic Farming
- Biomagnification and Bioconcentration
- Solid Waste Management
- Radioactive Waste Management and E-waste
- Greenhouse Effect and Climate Change
- Ozone Depletion in the Stratosphere
- Deforestation and Its Causes
- Main Provisions of Environmental Acts
Effects of Soil Pollution:
- Soil fertility drops when salty and acidic industrial water mixes with the soil.
- Harmful pollutants, including radioactive materials, enter the food chain through soil and crops.
- Contaminants in soil can be absorbed by plants, affecting food safety and human health.
- Pollutants in soil seep into water sources, worsening water pollution.
- Toxic chemicals from soil can reach groundwater, making it unsafe for consumption.
- Pathogens in polluted soil can spread diseases to humans and animals.
- Soil erosion may increase due to reduced soil quality and fertility.
- Contaminated soil impacts crop yields, reducing agricultural productivity.
- Wildlife is harmed when toxic soil affects their habitat and food sources.
- Soil pollution disrupts the balance of soil ecosystems, affecting beneficial microorganisms.
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