Topics
Basic Concepts in Geometry
Angles
Integers
- Concept of Integers
- Concept for Natural Numbers
- Concept for Whole Numbers
- Negative and Positive Numbers
- Representation of Integers on the Number Line
- Addition of Integers
- Concept of Opposite Numbers
- Concept of Comparing Integers
- Subtraction of Integers
Operations on Fractions
- Concept of Fractions
- Conversion Between Improper Fractions and Mixed Numbers
- Addition of Fraction
- Subtraction of Fraction
- Fraction on the Number Line
- Multiplication of Fraction
- Concept of Reciprocal or Multiplicative Inverse
- Division of Fractions
Decimal Fractions
Bar Graphs
Symmetry
Divisibility
HCF-LCM
Equations
Ratio and Proportion
Percentage
Profit –Loss
Banks and Simple Interest
Triangles and Their Properties
Quadrilaterals
Geometrical Constructions
- Perpendicular Lines
- Drawing a Perpendicular to a Line at a Point on the Line
- Drawing a perpendicular to a line from a point outside the line
- The Perpendicular Bisector
- Drawing the perpendicular bisector of a segment using a compass.
- Carl Gauss’s Clever Trick
Three Dimensional Shapes
Notes
Sphere:
A sphere is a three-dimensional figure (solid figure), which is made up of all points in the space, which lie at a constant distance called the radius, from a fixed point called the center of the sphere.
Properties of Sphere:
- The opposite sides of a rectangle are parallel.
- A sphere is perfectly symmetrical.
- It is not a polyhedron.
- All points on the surface are the same distance “r” from the center.
- It has no side or corner.
- It has constant mean curvature.
- It has a constant width and circumference.
- The sphere has just one curved face.
- It does not have any vertices or edges.
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