Topics
Rational Numbers
- Rational Numbers
- Closure Property of Rational Numbers
- Commutative Property of Rational Numbers
- Associative Property of Rational Numbers
- Distributive Property of Multiplication Over Addition for Rational Numbers
- Identity of Addition and Multiplication of Rational Numbers
- Negative Or Additive Inverse of Rational Numbers
- Concept of Reciprocal or Multiplicative Inverse
- Rational Numbers on a Number Line
- Rational Numbers Between Two Rational Numbers
Linear Equations in One Variable
- Variable of Equation
- Concept of Equation
- Expressions with Variables
- Balancing an Equation
- The Solution of an Equation
- Linear Equation in One Variable
- Solving Equations Which Have Linear Expressions on One Side and Numbers on the Other Side
- Some Applications Solving Equations Which Have Linear Expressions on One Side and Numbers on the Other Side
- Solving Equations Having the Variable on Both Sides
- Some More Applications on the Basis of Solving Equations Having the Variable on Both Sides
- Reducing Equations to Simpler Form
- Equations Reducible to the Linear Form
Understanding Quadrilaterals
- Concept of Curves
- Different Types of Curves - Closed Curve, Open Curve, Simple Curve.
- Concept of Polygons
- Classification of Polygons
- Properties of a Quadrilateral
- Interior Angles of a Polygon
- Exterior Angles of a Polygon and Its Property
- Concept of Quadrilaterals
- Properties of Trapezium
- Properties of Kite
- Properties of a Parallelogram
- Properties of Rhombus
- Property: The Opposite Sides of a Parallelogram Are of Equal Length.
- Property: The Opposite Angles of a Parallelogram Are of Equal Measure.
- Property: The adjacent angles in a parallelogram are supplementary.
- Property: The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other. (at the point of their intersection)
- Property: The diagonals of a rhombus are perpendicular bisectors of one another.
- Property: The Diagonals of a Rectangle Are of Equal Length.
- Properties of Rectangle
- Properties of a Square
- Property: The diagonals of a square are perpendicular bisectors of each other.
Practical Geometry
- Introduction to Geometric Tool
- Constructing a Quadrilateral When the Lengths of Four Sides and a Diagonal Are Given
- Constructing a Quadrilateral When Two Diagonals and Three Sides Are Given
- Constructing a Quadrilateral When Two Adjacent Sides and Three Angles Are Known
- Constructing a Quadrilateral When Three Sides and Two Included Angles Are Given
- Some Special Cases
Data Handling
- Concept of Data Handling
- Interpretation of a Pictograph
- Interpretation of Bar Graphs
- Drawing a Bar Graph
- Interpretation of a Double Bar Graph
- Drawing a Double Bar Graph
- Organisation of Data
- Frequency Distribution Table
- Graphical Representation of Data as Histograms
- Concept of Pie Graph (Or a Circle-graph)
- Interpretation of Pie Diagram
- Chance and Probability - Chance
- Basic Ideas of Probability
Squares and Square Roots
- Concept of Square Number
- Properties of Square Numbers
- Some More Interesting Patterns of Square Number
- Finding the Square of a Number
- Concept of Square Roots
- Finding Square Root Through Repeated Subtraction
- Finding Square Root Through Prime Factorisation
- Finding Square Root by Division Method
- Square Root of Decimal Numbers
- Estimating Square Root
Cubes and Cube Roots
Comparing Quantities
- Concept of Ratio
- Basic Concept of Percentage
- Increase Or Decrease as Percent
- Concept of Discount
- Estimation in Percentages
- Basic Concepts of Profit and Loss
- Sales Tax, Value Added Tax, and Good and Services Tax
- Calculation of Interest
- Concept of Compound Interest
- Deducing a Formula for Compound Interest
- Rate Compounded Annually Or Half Yearly (Semi Annually)
- Applications of Compound Interest Formula
Algebraic Expressions and Identities
- Algebraic Expressions
- Terms, Factors and Coefficients of Expression
- Types of Algebraic Expressions as Monomials, Binomials, Trinomials, and Polynomials
- Like and Unlike Terms
- Addition of Algebraic Expressions
- Subtraction of Algebraic Expressions
- Multiplication of Algebraic Expressions
- Multiplying Monomial by Monomials
- Multiplying a Monomial by a Binomial
- Multiplying a Monomial by a Trinomial
- Multiplying a Binomial by a Binomial
- Multiplying a Binomial by a Trinomial
- Concept of Identity
- Expansion of (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2
- Expansion of (a - b)2 = a2 - 2ab + b2
- Expansion of (a + b)(a - b) = a2-b2
- Expansion of (x + a)(x + b)
Mensuration
Visualizing Solid Shapes
Exponents and Powers
Direct and Inverse Proportions
Factorization
- Factors and Multiples
- Factorising Algebraic Expressions
- Factorisation by Taking Out Common Factors
- Factorisation by Regrouping Terms
- Factorisation Using Identities
- Factors of the Form (x + a)(x + b)
- Dividing a Monomial by a Monomial
- Dividing a Polynomial by a Monomial
- Dividing a Polynomial by a Polynomial
- Concept of Find the Error
Introduction to Graphs
- Concept of Bar Graph
- Interpretation of Bar Graphs
- Drawing a Bar Graph
- Concept of Double Bar Graph
- Interpretation of a Double Bar Graph
- Drawing a Double Bar Graph
- Concept of Pie Graph (Or a Circle-graph)
- Graphical Representation of Data as Histograms
- Concept of a Line Graph
- Linear Graphs
- Some Application of Linear Graphs
Playing with Numbers
Rational Number
A number that can be expressed in the form `p/q`, where p and q are integers, and q is not equal to zero "q ≠ 0", is called a rational number. The numbers `-2/7, 3/8, 3` etc., are rational numbers.
Rational Numbers:
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The word rational arises from the term ratio.
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A number that can be expressed in the form `"p"/"q"`, where p and q are integers and q ≠ 0, is called a rational number. In `"p"/"q"`, the integer p is the numerator, and the integer q (q ≠ 0) is the denominator. Thus, in `(-3)/7`, the numerator is - 3, and the denominator is 7.
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All Fractional numbers are rational numbers. For example, `3/7, 5/8, 0/9, 7 1/4, 29/4` etc. are rational numbers.
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All decimal numbers are rational numbers.
`0.987 = 0.987 xx (1000)/(1000) = (0.987 xx 1000)/(1000) = (987)/(1000)`.
- All integers are rational numbers. For example, The integer - 5 is a rational number because you can write it as `(- 5)/1`.
- The integer 0 can also be written as 0 = `0/2 or 0/7` etc. Hence, it is also a rational number.
Need for Rational Numbers
- We can represent a distance of 750 m above sea level as `3/4` km. But Can we denote the distance of `3/4` km below sea level by `- 3/4`?
- We can see `-3/4`is neither an integer nor a fractional number. We need to extend our number system to include such numbers. So, we need rational numbers.
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Related QuestionsVIEW ALL [299]
The average life expectancies of males for several states are shown in the table. Express each decimal in the form `p/q` and arrange the states from the least to the greatest male life expectancy. State-wise data are included below; more indicators can be found in the “FACTFILE” section on the homepage for each state.
| State | Male | `bb(p/q)` form | Lowest terms |
| Andhra Pradesh | 61.6 | ||
| Assam | 57.1 | ||
| Bihar | 60.7 | ||
| Gujarat | 61.9 | ||
| Haryana | 64.1 | ||
| Himachal Pradesh | 65.1 | ||
| Karnataka | 62.4 | ||
| Kerala | 70.6 | ||
| Madhya Pradesh | 56.5 | ||
| Maharashtra | 64.5 | ||
| Orissa | 57.6 | ||
| Punjab | 66.9 | ||
| Rajasthan | 59.8 | ||
| Tamil Nadu | 63.7 | ||
| Uttar Pradesh | 58.9 | ||
| West Bengal | 62.8 | ||
| India | 60.8 |
Source: Registrar General of India (2003) SRS Based Abridged Lefe Tables. SRS Analytical Studies, Report No. 3 of 2003, New Delhi: Registrar General of India. The data are for the 1995-99 period; states subsequently divided are therefore included in their pre-partition states (Chhatisgarh in MP, Uttaranchal in UP and Jharkhand in Bihar)
