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प्रश्न
Define biotechnology? Which are the basic principles and process of biotechnology?
उत्तर
Definition:
Biotechnology refers to the development and utilization of biological forms, products or processes for obtaining maximum benefits to man and other forms of life.
- Biotechnology is based on the principles of chemical engineering, genetic engineering and adequate maintenance of sterile conditions.
- Following are the processes used in biotechnology:
- Repairing of the defective genes or replacing of defective genes by healthy genes or normal genes;
- Artificially synthesizing of a totally new gene
संबंधित प्रश्न
Identify the CORRECT sequence of steps in PCR.
Consider there is only one double stranded DNA molecule initially along with all other requirements of PCR. If a PCR machines performs 10 cycles of reaction then bow many double stranded DNA molecules would be present at the end?
Identify the CORRECT order of steps in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).
Lytic cycle involves bacteriophage and ____________.
A technique used to make numerous copies of a specific DNA segment quickly and accurately is called ______
What would happen when one grows a recombinant bacterium in a bioreactor but forget to add antibiotic to the medium in which the recombinant is growing?
Cloning of genes, play a very significant role in genetic engineering, helping the transfer of desirable foreign genes into different hosts. The scientists, to make this process easier and effective are creating engineered vectors in such a way that they help easy linking of foreign DNA and selection of recombinants from non-recombinants. 'pBR322' is one such engineered vectors developed by scientists. A diagram of an engineered vector pBR322 is given below:
- Name the host for this cloning vector.
- Identify 'Rop' and 'Ori' in the diagram from 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y' and 'Z'. Write their functions.
- Draw the fragments that will be formed by the action of 'Z' (marked in the diagram) on the specific site of the DNA segment given below:
5' --- GTACGAATCCTGA --- 3'
3' --- CATGCTTAGGACT --- 3'
pBR322, used very frequently in cloning experiments as a vector in E. coli is ______.
Explain the mechanism of PCR.
Assertion: In a bioreactor, it is not necessary to maintain sterile ambience.
Reason: Sterile conditions promote the growth of unwanted microbes in the culture medium.
