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प्रश्न
Distinguish between sigma and pi bond.
उत्तर
| Sr.No. | sigma bond (σ) | pi bond (π) |
| 1. | The bond formed due to overlapping along the same axis (axial overlapping) is called Sigma Bond. | The bond formed due to lateral overlapping between two p-orbitals is called a pi-bond. |
| 2. | The first or the only bond between two atoms is the sigma bond. | The pi bond is always an additional bond between two atoms. |
| 3. | The extent of overlapping is greater. | The extent of overlapping is less. |
| 4. | It is a strong bond. | It is a weak bond. |
| 5. | Formation of sigma bonds involves s - s, s - p, p - p overlap, and overlap between hybrid orbitals. | Formation of pi bonds involves p - p or d - d overlap. The overlap between hybrid orbitals is not involved. |
| 6. | The bond energy is high. | The bond energy is low. |
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संबंधित प्रश्न
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| Molecule | Type of Hybridization | Type of bonds | Geometry | Bond angle |
| CH4 | - | 4C-H 4σ bonds |
Tetrahedral | - |
| NH3 | sp3 | 3N-H 3σ bonds 1 lone pair |
- | - |
| H2O | - | - | angular | 104.5° |
| BF3 | sp2 | - | - | 120° |
| C2H4 | - | - | - | 120° |
| BeF2 | - | 2 Be-F | Linear | - |
| C2H2 | sp | (3σ+2π) 1C-C σ 2C-H σ 2C-C π |
- | - |
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| List - I | List - II | ||
| (a) | \[\ce{PCl5}\] | (i) | Square pyramidal |
| (b) | \[\ce{SF6}\] | (ii) | Trigonal planar |
| (c) | \[\ce{BrF5}\] | (iii) | Octahedral |
| (d) | \[\ce{BF3}\] | (iv) | Trigonal bipyramidal |
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