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प्रश्न
Write the basic nuclear process underlying β+ and β– decays.
उत्तर
Basic process underlying β+ and β− decay are
During a weak interaction an atomic nucleus converts into a nucleus with one higher atomic number while emitting one electron and an electron antineutrino this is called beta minus decay.
`X_Z^A->Y_(Z+1)^A+e^(-)+ bar(v_e)`
During a weak interaction an atomic nucleus converts into a nucleus with one lower number while emitting a positron and electron neutrino this is called beta Plus decay.
`X_Z^A->Y_(Z-1)^A+e^(+)+v_e`
संबंधित प्रश्न
For the `beta^+` (positron) emission from a nucleus, there is another competing process known as electron capture (electron from an inner orbit, say, the K−shell, is captured by the nucleus and a neutrino is emitted).
\[\ce{e+ + ^A_Z X -> ^A_{Z - 1}Y + \text{v}}\]
Show that if `beta^+` emission is energetically allowed, electron capture is necessarily allowed but not vice−versa.
Consider the D−T reaction (deuterium−tritium fusion)
\[\ce{^2_1H + ^3_1H -> ^4_2He + n}\]
Calculate the energy released in MeV in this reaction from the data:
`"m"(""_1^2"H")`= 2.014102 u
`"m"(""_1^3"H")`= 3.016049 u
Consider the D−T reaction (deuterium−tritium fusion)
\[\ce{^2_1H + ^3_1H -> ^4_2He}\]
Consider the radius of both deuterium and tritium to be approximately 2.0 fm. What is the kinetic energy needed to overcome the coulomb repulsion between the two nuclei? To what temperature must the gas be heated to initiate the reaction? (Hint: Kinetic energy required for one fusion event =average thermal kinetic energy available with the interacting particles = 2(3kT/2); k = Boltzman’s constant, T = absolute temperature.)
Obtain the maximum kinetic energy of β-particles, and the radiation frequencies of γdecays in the decay scheme shown in Fig. 13.6. You are given that
m (198Au) = 197.968233 u
m (198Hg) =197.966760 u
Write the β-decay of tritium in symbolic form.
Why is the detection of neutrinos found very difficult?
What is the difference between cathode rays and beta rays? When the two are travelling in space, can you make out which is the cathode ray and which is the beta ray?
In beta decay, an electron (or a positron) is emitted by a nucleus. Does the remaining atom get oppositely charged?
Ten grams of 57Co kept in an open container beta-decays with a half-life of 270 days. The weight of the material inside the container after 540 days will be very nearly
A free neutron decays into ______.
