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प्रश्न
Write short notes on the oscillations of the liquid column in the U-tube.
उत्तर
Oscillation of liquid in a U-tube: Consider a U-shaped glass tube which consists of two open arms with uniform cross-sectional area A. Let us pour a non-viscous uniform incompressible liquid of density ρ in the U-shaped tube to a height h as shown in the figure. If the liquid and tube are not disturbed then the liquid surface will be in equilibrium position O.
U-shaped glass tube
It means the pressure as measured at any point on the liquid is the same and also at the surface on the arm (edge of the tube on either side), which balances with the atmospheric pressure. Due to this the level of liquid in each arm will be the same. By blowing air one can provide sufficient force in one arm, and the liquid gets disturbed from equilibrium position O, which means, the pressure at the blown arm is higher than the other arm. This creates a difference in pressure which will cause the liquid to oscillate for a very short duration of time about the mean or equilibrium position and finally comes to rest. Time period of the oscillation is
T = `2π sqrt("l"/(2"g"))` second
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