Advertisements
Advertisements
प्रश्न
How will you determine molar mass of solute from osmotic pressure?
उत्तर
For very dilute solution, osmotic pressure is given by
πV = n2RT
where,
π = Osmotic pressure in atm.
V = Volume of a solution in dm3
n2 = Moles of non-volatile solute
R = Gas constant = 0.082L dm3 atm K−1mol−1
T = temperature in Kelvin
`therefore pi = (n_2RT)/V`
`pi = (W_2RT)/(M_2V) ...[because n_2 = W_2/M_2]`
`therefore M_2 = (W_2RT)/(pi V)`
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
What happens when the external pressure applied becomes more than the osmotic pressure of solution?
Blood cells are isotonic with 0.9% sodium chloride solution. What happens if we place blood cells in a solution containing
(i) 1.2% sodium chloride solution?
(ii) 0.4% sodium chloride solution?
A solution containing 15 g urea (molar mass = 60 g mol–1) per litre of solution in water has the same osmotic pressure (isotonic) as a solution of glucose (molar mass = 180 g mol–1) in water. Calculate the mass of glucose present in one litre of its solution.
At 300 K, 36 g of glucose present in a litre of its solution has an osmotic pressure of 4.98 bar. If the osmotic pressure of the solution is 1.52 bars at the same temperature, what would be its concentration?
Calculate the mass of a compound (molar mass = 256 g mol−1) to be dissolved in 75 g of benzene to lower its freezing point by 0.48 K (Kf = 5.12 K kg mol−1).
Define the following term:
hypotonic solution
Choose the most correct option.
In calculating osmotic pressure the concentration of solute is expressed in _______.
Choose the most correct option.
The osmotic pressure of blood is 7.65 atm at 310 K. An aqueous solution of glucose isotonic with blood has the percentage (by volume)________.
Answer the following.
What are isotonic and hypertonic solutions?
Answer the following.
A solvent and its solution containing a nonvolatile solute are separated by a semipermeable membrane. Does the flow of solvent occur in both directions? Comment giving a reason.
Answer the following.
The osmotic pressure of CaCl2 and urea solutions of the same concentration at the same temperature are respectively 0.605 atm and 0.245 atm, calculate van’t Hoff factor for CaCl2.
Answer the following.
Explain reverse osmosis.
Answer the following.
How molar mass of a solute is determined by osmotic pressure measurement?
An aqueous solution of a certain organic compound has a density of 1.063 g mL-1 , osmotic pressure of 12.16 atm at 25 °C and a freezing point of 1.03 °C. What is the molar mass of the compound?
Which of the following statements is applicable for 0.1 M urea solution and 0.1 M sucrose solution?
What are hypertonic solutions?
Explain the osmotic pressure of a solution with the help of a thistle tube.
Explain the phenomenon of osmosis.
Which of the following is a colligative property?
Two solutions have different osmotic pressures. The solution of higher osmotic pressure is called ____________.
20 g of a substance were dissolved in 500 mL of water and the osmotic pressure of the solution was found to be 600 mm of mercury at 15°C. The molecular weight of the substance is:
Osmotic pressure of a solution is 0.0821 atm at a temperature of 300 K. The concentration in moles/litre will be:
A solution containing 10 g per dm3 of urea (molar mass 60 g mol−1) is isotonic with 5% solution of non-volatile solute, MB of solute is:
Which of the following statements is false?
Isotonic solutions must have the same:
(i) solute
(ii) density
(iii) elevation in boiling point
(iv) depression in freezing point
In isotonic solutions:
(i) Solute and solvent both are same.
(ii) Osmotic pressure is same.
(iii) Solute and solvent may or may not be same.
(iv) Solute is always same solvent may be different.
Give an example of a material used for making semipermeable membrane for carrying out reverse osmosis.
Match the items given in Column I and Column II.
| Column I | Column II |
| (i) Saturated solution | (a) Solution having same osmotic pressure at a given temperature as that of given solution. |
| (ii) Binary solution | (b) A solution whose osmotic pressure is less than that of another. |
| (iii) Isotonic solution | (c) Solution with two components. |
| (iv) Hypotonic solution | (d) A solution which contains maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a given temperature. |
| (v) Solid solution | (e) A solution whose osmotic pressure is more than that of another. |
| (vi) Hypertonic solution | (f) A solution in solid phase. |
How can you remove the hard calcium carbonate layer of the egg without damaging its semiprermiable membrane? Can this egg be inserted into a bottle with a narrow neck without distorting its shape? Explain the process involved.
Isotonic solutions have same
Which one of the following is a colligative property?
Blood cells retain their normal shape in solution which are
The vapour pressure of water is 12.3 k pa at 300 k. Calculated the vapour pressure of molal solution in it.
The following solutions were prepared by dissolving 10 g of glucose \[\ce{(C6H12O6)}\] in 250 ml of water (P1), 10 g of urea \[\ce{(CH4N2O)}\] in 250 ml of water (P2) and 10 g of sucrose \[\ce{(C12H22O11}\]) in 250 ml of water (P3). The right option for the decreasing order of osmotic pressure of these solutions is ______
Derive an expression to calculate molar mass of non-volatile solute by osmotic pressure measurement.
Prove that: M2 = `(W_2RT)/(πV)`.
Define reverse osmosis.
Name the four colligative properties that are oftently used for determination of molecular mass.
