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प्रश्न
Identify the unsaturated compounds from the following
- Propane
- Propene
- Propyne
- Chloropropane
पर्याय
(i) and (ii)
(ii) and (iv)
(iii) and (iv)
(ii) and (iii)
उत्तर
(ii) and (iii)
Explanation -
Those compounds in which valencies of all the atoms are satisfied by single bonds only, are called saturated compounds and those compounds in which valencies of all the atoms can not be satisfied by single bonds only, are called unsaturated compounds. Such compounds of carbon have double or triple bonds between the atoms to satisfy valencies. Propane (C3H8) and chloropropane (C3H7Cl) are saturated compounds while propene (C3H6) and propyne (C3H4) are unsaturated compounds.
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- \[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{..}\\
\phantom{}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{..}\\
\ce{H - C - C - C - OH}\\
\phantom{}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{..}\\
\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{..}\\
\end{array}\] - \[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{....}\\
\phantom{...}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}||\phantom{....}\\
\ce{H - C - C - C - OH}\\
\phantom{...}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{.........}\\
\phantom{}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{.......}\\
\end{array}\] - \[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{......}\ce{H}\phantom{....}\ce{H}\phantom{....}\ce{O}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{.......}\\
\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}||\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}\\
\ce{H} - \ce{C} - \ce{C} - \ce{C} - \ce{C} - \ce{C} - \ce{H}\\
\phantom{....}|\phantom{.....}|\phantom{........}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}\\
\phantom{....}\ce{H}\phantom{....}\ce{H}\phantom{........}\ce{H}\phantom{..}\ce{H}\phantom{.....}\\
\end{array}\] - \[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{......}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{......}\\
\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}\\
\ce{H - C - C - C = C - H}\\
\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{.............}\\
\phantom{....}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{.............}
\end{array}\]
