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प्रश्न
The current ratio provides a better measure of overall liquidity only when a firm’s inventory cannot easily be converted into cash. If inventory is liquid, the quick ratio is a preferred measure of overall liquidity. Explain.
उत्तर
Current Ratio- It explains the relationship between current assets and current liabilities. It is calculated as:
`"Current Ratio" = "Current Assets"/"Current Liablities"`
Currents Assets are those assets that are easily converted into cash within a short period of time like cash in hand, cash at bank, marketable securities, debtors, stock, bills receivables, prepaid expenses. etc.
Current Liabilities are those liabilities that are to be repaid within a year like bank overdraft, bills payables, Short-term creditors, provision for tax, outstanding expenses etc.
Liquid Ratio- It explains the relationship between liquid assets and current liabilities. It indicates whether a firm has sufficient funds to pay its current liabilities immediately. It is calculated as:
`"Liquid Ratio" = "Current Assets"/"Current Liablities"`
`"Liquid Assets = Current assets - Stock - Prepaid Expenses"`
Generally, Current Ratio is preferable for such type of business where the stock or the inventories cannot easily be converted into cash like heavy machinery manufacturing companies, locomotive companies, etc. This is because, the heavy stocks like machinery, heavy tools etc. cannot be easily sold off. But on the other hand, the businesses where the stock can be easily realised or sold off regard Liquid Ratio to be more suitable measure to reveal their liquidity position. For example, the inventories of a service sector company is very liquid as there are no stock kept for sale, so they prefer Liquid Ratio as a measure of overall liquidity.
Moreover, sometimes companies prefer to resort to Liquid Ratio instead of Current Ratio, if the prices of the stock held are prone to fluctuate. This is because if the prices of the inventories fluctuate more, then this may affect their liquidity position of the business and may reduce (or overcast) the Current Ratio. Consequently, they prefer Liquid Ratio as it excludes inventories and stocks.
Thirdly, if the stock forms the major portion of a company’s current assets, then they would prefer Current Ratio and not Liquid Ratio. This is because their current assets mostly consist of stock. The Liquid Ratio of such company will be very low as liquid assets exclude stock. This will reduce their Liquid Ratio and may create a bad image for the creditors. In such a case, Current Ratio provides better measure of overall liquidity.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
What relationship will be established to study:
Working Capital Turnover
Short Answer Question
The liquidity of a business firm is measured by its ability to satisfy its long-term obligations as they become due. What are the ratios used for this purpose?
Calculate following ratios from the following information:
(i) Current ratio (ii) Acid test ratio (iii) Operating Ratio (iv) Gross Profit Ratio
|
|
Rs |
|
Current Assets |
35,000 |
|
Current Liabilities |
17,500 |
|
Inventory |
15,000 |
|
Operating Expenses |
20,000 |
|
Revenue from Operations |
60,000 |
|
Cost of Goods Sold |
30,000 |
A firm had Current Assets of ₹5,00,000. It paid Current Liabilities of ₹1,00,000 and the Current Ratio became 2:1. Determine Current Liabilities and Working Capital before and after the payment was made.
From the following information, calculate Interest Coverage Ratio: Profit after Tax ₹1,70,000; Tax ₹30,000; Interest on Long-term Funds ₹50,000.
Following figures have been extracted from Shivalika Mills Ltd.
Inventory at the end of the year ₹ 1,00,000.
Inventory Turnover Ratio 8 times.
Selling price 25% above cost.
Closing Trade Receivables ₹ 4,00,000; Cash Sales being 25% of Credit Sales; Excess of Closing Trade Receivables over Opening Trade Receivables ₹ 2,00,000; Revenue from Operations, i.e., Revenue from Operations, i.e., Net Sales ₹ 15,00,000. Calculate Trade Receivables Turnover Ratio
[Hint: 1. Net Credit Sales = Total Sales − Cash Sales
2. Opening Trade Receivables = Closing Trade Receivables − Excess of Closing Trade Receivables over Opening Trade Receivables.]
A limited company made Credit Sales of ₹ 4,00,000 during the financial period. If the collection period is 36 days and the year is assumed to be 360 days, calculate:
- Trade Receivables Turnover Ratio;
- Average Trade Receivables;
- Trade Receivables at the end when Trade Receivables at the end are more than that in the beginning by ₹ 6,000.
From the information given below, calculate Trade Receivables Turnover Ratio:
Credit Revenue from Operations, i.e., Credit Sales ₹8,00,000; Opening Trade Receivables ₹1,20,000; and Closing Trade Receivables ₹2,00,000.
State giving reason, which of the following would increase, decrease or not change Trade Receivables Turnover Ratio:
(i) Collection from Trade Receivables ₹40,000.
(ii) Credit Revenue from Operations, i.e., Credit Sales ₹80,000.
(iii) Sales Return ₹20,000.
(iv) Credit Purchase ₹1,60,000.
Revenue from Operations: Cash Sales ₹ 5,00,000; Credit Sales ₹ 6,00,000; Sales Return ₹ 1,00,000. Current Assets ₹ 3,00,000; Current Liabilities ₹ 1,00,000. Calculate Working Capital Turnover Ratio.
What will be the Operating Profit Ratio, if Operating Ratio is 82.59%?
Calculate Operating Profit Ratio,in each of the following alternative cases:
Case 1: Revenue from Operations (Net Sales) ₹ 10,00,000; Operating Profit ₹ 1,50,000.
Case 2: Revenue from Operations (Net Sales) ₹ 6,00,000; Operating Cost ₹ 5,10,000.
Case 3: Revenue from Operations (Net Sales) ₹ 3,60,000; Gross Profit 20% on Sales; Operating Expenses ₹ 18,000
Case 4: Revenue from Operations (Net Sales) ₹ 4,50,000; Cost of Revenue from Operations ₹ 3,60,000; Operating Expenses ₹ 22,500.
Case 5: Cost of Goods Sold, i.e., Cost of Revenue from Operations ₹ 8,00,000; Gross Profit 20% on Sales; Operating Expenses ₹ 50,000.
From the following Balance Sheet of Global Ltd., you are required to calculate Return on Investment for the year 2018-19:
BALANCE SHEET OF GLOBAL LTD.
as at 31st March, 2019
|
Particulars |
Note No. |
Amount ₹ |
| I. EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
1. Shareholder's Funds |
||
|
(a) Share Capital–Equity Shares of ₹ 10 each Fully paid |
|
5,00,000 |
|
(b) Reserves and Surplus |
|
4,20,000 |
|
2. Non-Current Liabilities |
||
|
15% Long-term Borrowings |
|
16,00,000 |
|
3. Current Liabilities |
|
8,00,000 |
|
Total |
|
33,20,000 |
| II. ASSETS | ||
|
1. Non-Current Assets |
||
|
(a) Fixed Assets |
|
16,00,000 |
|
(b) Non-Current Investments: |
|
|
|
(i) 10% Investments |
|
2,00,000 |
|
(ii) 10% Non-trade Investments |
|
1,20,000 |
|
2. Current Assets |
14,00,000 | |
|
Total |
|
33,20,000 |
Additional Information: Net Profit before Tax for the year 2018-19 is rs 9,72,000.
Liquid ratio is also known as ____________.
Quick Ratio can be calculated as ______?
Calculate current ratio from the following information:
Stock Rs.50,000, Cash 30,000, Debtors 40,000, Creditors 60,000, Bills Receivable 10,000, Bills Payable 40,000, Advance Tax 4,000, Bank Overdraft 4,000
Interest Coverage Ratio can be calculated as ______?
Read the following information and answer the given question:
X Ltd. made a profit of 5,00,000 after consideration of the following items:
| ₹ | ||
| (i) | Goodwill written off | 5,000 |
| (ii) | Depreciation on Fixed Tangible Assets | 50,000 |
| (iii) | Loss on Sale of Fixed Tangible Assets (Machinery) |
20,000 |
| (iv) | Provision for Doubtful Debts | 10,000 |
| (v) | Gain on Sale of Fixed Tangible Assets (Land) | 7,500 |
Additional information:
| Particulars | 31.3.2019 (₹) |
31.3.2018 (₹) |
| Trade Receivables | 78,800 | 52,000 |
| Prepaid Expenses | 3,000 | 2,000 |
| Trade Payables | 51,000 | 30,000 |
| Expenses Payable | 20,000 |
What will be the amount of Trade payables added to get the Cash flow from operations?
______ ratios are a measure of the speed with which various accounts are converted into sales.
