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प्रश्न
Write down the significance of the following in the context of 'On to the Summit':
husiar.
उत्तर
- The word, 'husiar‘ means 'caution‘.
- The climb down from the summit was more difficult and dangerous than the climb up.
- There was a greater danger of slipping and falling into the Kangshung glacier below.
- Thus, even though climbing down took less time than climbing up, the author and Hillary had to be comparatively more cautious.
- With regard to this, the author notes that they needed 'husiar‘ while coming down.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Have you are wondered why soldiers are always clad in green? This is to enable them to camouflage themselves during wartime. Hiding in the jungles, their green attire blends into the surrounding trees and shrubs, making it difficult for the enemies to spot them.
Long before man-made use of camouflaging, insects have already adopted the tactic of disguise to escape from the clutches of their predators. By having body colour close to those of the rocks and dried leaves, they can escape from being pursued by the predators.
Butterflies and moths have developed a variety of camouflage strategies since they are quite defenceless and their predators are abundant. Possessing wings which resemble dried leaves help certain butterflies and moths to hide among heaps of dried leaves when predators are around.
Fortunately, not all insects choose the art of disguise to escape from their predators; otherwise, the world would be so dull and colourless. There are insects which assimilate the bright body colours of bees and wasps to escape from being pursued by their predator. Long ago, birds have already learnt to avoid brilliantly coloured wasps and bees in fear of their painful stings. Hence, over millions of years, many harmless insects have assimilated the bees and wasps by imitating. their bright body colours and shapes. In this way, they appear dangerous and hence ward them off.
The beefy, not only appears like the bumblebee in terms of body colour, even its hums sound similar too. The only difference is that the beefy does not have a stirring and is hence harmless. The hoverfly is another insect which imitates. the body colours of the wasps. Their bodies are striped yellow and black. The only deviations are that hoverflies do not have stings, and they have only one pair of wings each while wasps have two pairs each. These variations are hardly noticed by the predators and hence help them to escape.
A1. Complete the table with the information from the passage : (2)
| Insects | Similarity | Difference |
| Bumblebee - Beefy | ||
| Wasp - Hoverfly |
A2. Complete the tree diagram : (2)
A3. Find out : (2)
‘Nature has given a self-protection mechanism to insects’.
Find out at least two examples from the passage to prove this statement.
A4. Vocabulary - (2)
Find the words from the passage for :
(i) animal or bird that hunts other for food
(ii) to get free from danger
(iii) to prevent something from harming
(iv) to make a copy
A5. Personal response - (2)
‘Soldiers disguise themselves to prevent enemies to spot them’.
Give two more examples when the disguising technique is used by humans.
A6. Grammar - (2)
Rewrite the following sentences in the ways instructed :
(i) They have only one pair of wings.
(Make it negative without changing the meaning)
(ii) Insects have already adopted the tactic of disguise to escape from the clutches of their predators.
(Replace infinitive with gerund and rewrite)
(B) Summary : (3)
Summarise the above extract with the help of the points given and suggest a suitable title.
Camouflage of soldiers and insects - reason and ways for disguising - assimilation of insects - need of imitation.
A1. Choose two sentences that appropriately mention the theme of the passage :
(1) The extract deals with the writer’s concern over Chaitanya's handicap.
(2) The extract depicts the writer’s proud feelings towards her son’s achievement.
(3) The extract deals with how Chaitanya made the writer see positively towards life.
(4) The extract deals with how the writer helps Chaitanya to buy the bus ticket.
Early in 1997-98, when he returned from state-level inter-school sports, he had two prizes to his credit and a silver medal. He had won his laurels in athletic events and the silver medal in a running race.
When I saw the prizes and read the citation Chaitanya had received, I was stupefied, in total disbelief, then–hugged him, kissed him and cried unabashedly to my heart’s content. That day, I cried for the first time out of joy and a sense of being vindicated. Without practice, he had competed with approximately 1,800 children drawn from various schools all over the state. He was subsequently selected for the marathon race, but he could not participate due to a health problem. “Maybe next year, he would”, I assured myself. And I, as his proud mother, would proudly chronicle his future achievements and success to inspire other - mothers of the world.
Looking back at my own life, I feel that it is the spirit with which we can accept our life gracefully is what
matters ultimately; and it is love that nourishes us. All other things are unimportant. Chaitanya has made me look inwards. His handicap doesn’t disturb me any longer. He and I shall live with it and still be happy. The mental strength which he has given to me is inexhaustible.
One day, as both of us got onto a public transport bus, Chaitanya offered to buy the tickets for us.
“One full, one half ”, he said to the conductor beaming with joy.
Looking at him, I wondered whether he was really only a half? An incomplete person? Was I really full?
Complete in all respects? Why do then normal people feel that they are ‘full’ and others like Chaitanya are ‘half’ or incomplete? Chaitanya’s world is complete in itself, pure and innocent while our lives are full of deceit, jealousies, ill-feelings.
A2. Point out -
Point out two instances where you find Chaitanya's victory over his disability.
A3. Give reasons -
Chaitanya’s silver medal in a running race was very special for the writer, because :
(i) __________________
(ii) __________________
A4. Vocabulary -
Match the pairs of the words in column ‘A’ with their meanings in column ‘B’:
| Column ‘A’ | Column ‘B’ | ||
| (1) | stupefied | (a) | official statement about the special act of courage |
| (2) | chronicle | (b) | record events in the order they happened |
| (3) | vindicated | (c) | surprised or shocked |
| (4) | citation | (d) | justified |
A5. Personal response -
Explain, your views about the ill-treatment the special children receive in society.
A6. Grammar -
Rewrite the following sentences in the ways instructed :
(i) He had won his laurels in athletic events and the silver medal in a running race.
(Rewrite the sentence using ‘not only...but also’.)
(ii) When I saw the prizes, I was stupefied.
(Rewrite the sentence using ‘No sooner.... than’.)
In the following items, sentence A is complete, while sentence B is not. Complete sentence B, making it as similar as possible to sentence A. Write sentence B.
(A) She said that she would return the book to the library the next day.
(B) She said, “She will return the book in the library tomorrow”.
What rhyme scheme is followed in the poem?
What are the advantages of reading mentioned by Dahl?
Why does the poet use the word ‘wandered’?
The free bird thinks of another breeze
And the trade winds soft through
The sighing trees
And the fat worms waiting on a dawn-bright
Lawn and he names the sky his own.
Read the above lines and answer the question that follow.
According to the poem, how can the free bird be best described ?
Is there any relevance of this poem to the present scenario?
Thus I entered, and thus I go!
In triumphs, people have dropped down dead,
"Paid by the world, what dost thou owe
Me?"....God might question; now instead,
'Tis God shall repay: I am safer so.
Read the above lines and answer the question that follow.
What does the rain imagery signify?
The eight other runners pulled up on their heels
The ones who had trained for so long to complete
one by one they all turned around and went back to help him
And brought the young boy to his feet.
Then all the nine runners joined hands and continued
The hundred-yard dash now reduced to a walk
And a banner above that said (Special Olympics)
Could not have been more on the mark.
That's how the race ended, with nine gold medals
They came to the finish line holding hands still
And a standing ovation and nine beaming faces
Said more than these words ever will.
Read the lines given above and answer the following question:
How would the nine contestants have felt when they all reached the finish line together? Which words indicate this? Do you think they were happy because they had won the gold medal? Why?
Show liow Narayan depicts women in the story and their role in a man’s life.
Discuss the theme of the story ‘ Hearts and Hands.’
Can we say that it is a story about heroism and a true soldier?
You are the editor of your school magazine. You have recently attended a cultural program in your city. Write an account of this program (in approximately 300 words) using the points given below:
| Date and venue — occasion — Chief Guest — other invitees — inauguration — events —other important features — highlights — reaction of audience — conclusion. |
(A) I am afraid you cannot get admission to the college without clearing the admission test.
(B) I am afraid you cannot be……………….
Choose two of the passages (a) to (c) and answer briefly the questions that follow:
Raina :
Come away from the window (She takes him firmly back to the middle of the room. The moment she releases him he turns mechanically towards the window again. She seizes him and turns him back, exclaiming) Please! (He becomes motionless, like a hypnotized rabbit, his fatigue gaining fast on him. She releases him, and addresses him patronizingly). Now listen. You must trust to our hospitality. You do not yet know in whose house you are. I am a Petkoff.
The Man: A pet what?
Raina : [rather indignantly] I mean that I belong to the family of the Petkoffs, the richest and best known in our country.
The Man: Oh yes, of course. I beg your pardon. The Petkoffs, to be sure. How stupid of me!
Raina: You know you never heard of them until this moment. How can you stoop to pretend!
The Man: Forgive me. I'm too tired to think, and the change of subject was too much for me. Don't scold me.
(i) Why did the man keep turning to the window?
(ii) Which examples of the social superiority of the Petkoff's does Raina give the man?
(iii) Which opera does Raina mention? With whom does she compare herself? What does this tell you about her?
(iv) In Raina's opinion, what should the man have done instead of threatening her?
(v) What does the man tell Raina about his father? Why does he do so?
(vi) What does the man do at the end of the scene?
I prefer going out with friends to staying alone at home.
(Begin : I would rather ………….)
Re-write the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Make other changes that may be necessary, but do not change the meaning of each sentence.
- As soon as we lit the candle, the power supply was restored.
(Begin: No sooner………. ) - The bee is more industrious than all other creatures.
(Use: ‘most industrious’) - The old woman was too slow to catch the bus.
(Begin : The old woman was so……… ) - “I’ll do it tomorrow,” he promised.
(Rewrite in indirect speech) - Though Reema got an expensive gift she was not happy.
(Begin: In spite of……… ) - I prefer reading a book to watching a movie.
(Begin: I would rather…….. ) - I have never seen Mr. Roy lose his temper.
(Begin: Never…….. ) - She found your keys in the garage.
(Begin: The keys……… )
She shouted angrily_________ the disobedient boy.
It is dangerous as well as illegal to drive a motorcycle without a helmet. (Begin: It is not ................................................. )
Combine the following sets of ideas to show the contrast between them.
(i) The Emperor may rule over the territory he has conquered.
(ii) The artist knows the way within.
Below is a topic for essay writing. Follow the steps listed above to write on these topics.
Public Health In Transition
Notice these expressions in the text. Infer their meaning from the context.
-
a holistic and ecological view
-
inter alia
-
sustainable development
-
decimated
-
languish
-
catastrophic depletion
-
ignominious darkness
-
transcending concern
Why does the author aver that the growth of the world population is one of the strongest factors distorting the future of human society?
Distinguish between the following pairs of sentences.
He was visually impaired.
Give reasons for the following.
Satyajit's feeling that he was an impostor.
Find out information about the Mahavastra of Maharashtra - Paithani.
Now write a paragraph or two about these two stories, comparing them.
The words in the box are all words that describe movement. Use them to fill in the blank in the sentence below.
When he began to trust me, the squirrel began ____________ into my pockets for morsels of cake.
List the reactions of the agricultural officer to the author’s inquiry about Kasbai rice seeds. One is done for you.
(a) He had not heard of Kasbai.
(b) ___________________________
(c) ___________________________
The writer goes in search of an invaluable indigenous variety of seeds. List three reasons for the importance of keeping records of our indigenous agricultural practices.
Refer to a standard dictionary and find out the meaning of the following word:
Reported speech
The poet has described two different shades of human feelings by using imagery of various forces of Nature in the poem. Pick out the terms or phrases that describe them. Complete the table given below. One is done for you.
| Nature | Feelings |
| Faded forests | Sad/gloomy |
Place the given areas of questioning from the list in the appropriate columns.
- future plans
- inspiration
- overcoming hurdles/ struggle
- coach/ mentor/ guide/ teacher
- message for the youngsters
- family support
- alternate career choice
- first or maiden award/ achievement /success /setbacks
- a turning point in life/ success formula/technique.
| Section of the interview | Aspects to be covered | |
| 1. | Introduction | Welcoming/Greeting, Introduction of the guest/Occasion. |
| 2. | Opening questions | |
| 3. | Main body | |
| 4. | Concluding questions | |
| 5. | Summing up | Concluding the statement, Expressing gratitude. |
You can add your points.
Pick outlines from the poem that help create images of the following in our mind and write them in the table.
| No. | Old Woman | The Street | Schoolboys |
| 1. | |||
| 2. | |||
| 3. |
Note that it is possible to feel both kinds of emotions at the same time. Have you experienced it? Try to describe the situation in short.
Write the reason in your own words.
Ostad’s song was more elating than Tansen’s songs.
Expand the theme in a write -up of about 20 lines.
‘Rumours are spread by fools and accepted by greater fools’.
Write a speech for your school Literary Association celebration with the given lead.
| 1) Opening | |
| 2) Purpose | |
| 3) Audience | |
| 4) Language – Some Good Describing Words (Adverbs And Adjectives), Emotive Words, Imagery etc. | |
| 5) Ending |
Write a Diary entry each day for a month and compile them into a book. You may also name your diary as Anne Frank did.
Look at the picture given below and frame your own slogan.
Draft Letter for the following
You are Sudha. Your neighbour has a pet dog that barks continuously. Write a letter to the Editor of a weekly newspaper of your locality, highlighting the nuisance and noise pollution created thus. Also, suggest ways to solve the problem.
Tortoises and Turtles are not the same. Read the facts given below. List the similarities and differences between them.
| Tortoise | Turtle |
| reptile family | reptile family |
| land animal | sea animal |
| has a long life | lives for many years |
| uses tiny feet to walk | use flippers to swim |
| eats grass, weeds and flowers | eats insects and bugs |
| Similarities | Differences |
Fill in the blank by choosing the preposition from the option.
The girl was thrilled ______ see her new bicycle.
Have a conversation with your partner based on the picture below. You can start as -
| Hunter 1 | “Look at the footprints in the mud!” |
| Hunter 2 | |
| Hunter 1 | |
| Hunter 2 |
Now complete the following suitably.
He was cleaning out his cupboard when _______
What did he keep doing while on his rounds?
How did Sletherby’s judgment of Bertie turn out to be a wrong one?
Write conversation on the following situation.
Between a father and a son on choice of a career
Why did the photographer take a long time to photograph Leacock?
How did Jack manage to pay seven pounds eighty and eighty pence out of six pounds?
Answer the following question as briefly as possible and with close reference to the relevant text.
Referring closely to the short story, B. Wordsworth relate two important lessons that the young narrator learnt from his friend, B. Wordsworth. How were these lessons relevant?
Write a composition (300 - 350 words) on the following:
Study the picture given below. Write a short story or description or an account of what the picture suggests to you. Your composition may be about the subject of the picture or you may take suggestions from it.
Work in groups and prepare an attractive wrapper or packet for any product of your choice. Prepare an advertisement for your product.
Write in a few lines, about an experience of your own where you scored in your exams much more than you hoped for. What did that experience teach you?
Describe your dream vehicle in a few lines.
What provisions should be made in public places so that everyone gets the same access to public facilities?
Can you think of any events in your own or someone else’s life to support the quote-
‘If you tell the truth, you don’t have to remember anything.’
What is likely to happen if you don’t tell the truth?’
Write a letter to your father asking permission to go on an educational tour.
What’s the difference between ‘hear’ and ‘listen?
