ICSE solutions for Biology [English] Class 10 chapter 9 - The Endocrine System [Latest edition]

What do you mean by endocrine system?

What is a hormone?

What are endocrine glands?

What is the chemical nature of hormone?

Why are hormones called ‘chemical messengers’?

What are the general properties of hormones?

Which parts of the alimentary canal produce hormones?

Name the different endocrine glands found in the body of man.

What are tropic hormones?

Name the hormone produced by the following gland giving one function: Thyroid

Name the hormone produced by the following gland giving one function: Pancreas

Name the hormone produced by the following gland giving one function: Adrenal medulla

Write about some functions of adrenal glands.

Is the following gland an exocrine or an endocrine gland?

Salivary gland

Is the following gland an exocrine or an endocrine gland?

Liver

Is the following gland an exocrine or an endocrine gland?

Thyroid gland

Is the following gland an exocrine or an endocrine gland?

Pancreas

Is the following gland an exocrine or an endocrine gland?

Adrenal

Which hormones are secreted by anterior pituitary gland?

How is iodine important to our body?

Where is the thymus gland located and what is its function?

 People living in hilly regions usually suffer from simple goitre. Explain.

What is osteoporosis and what is its cause?

Write in brief about the causes and symptoms of exophthalmic goiter.

List some of the functions of pituitary gland.

 What are the two kinds of diabetes? Mention their symptoms and the causes.

Complete the following:

Given below is a table consisting of a set of items belonging to a common category. Complete the table by filling in the category and the odd one in the blanks

Complete the table given below by filling in the blanks numbered 1 to 8.

Hormones are called ‘chemical messengers’.

Organs like the stomach and intestine are also endocrine glands. Why?

The thyroid gland is called as nature gland.

Goiter is usually observed in people living in hilly regions.

The thymus is larger and more prominent in children than is adults.

Pancreas is both an exocrine gland and an endocrine gland. Explain.

Insulin is injected into the body of a highly diabetic patient and not given orally. Explain.

The pituitary is called the master gland.

Adrenaline is also known as emergency hormone.

Our hair stands on their ends during fear.

Some adult women may develop facial hairs. What may be the cause for it?

The release of progesterone in the urine is an indication of pregnancy. Explain.

Differentiate: Endocrine gland and Exocrine gland.

Differentiate: Hormones and Enzyme.

Differentiate: Insulin and Glucagon.

Differentiate: Nervous control and Hormonal control.

Differentiate: Cretinism and Myxedema.

Differentiate: Gigantism and Acromegaly.

Differentiate: Simple Goitre and Exophthalmic Goitre.

Differentiate: Diabetes mellitus and Diabetes insipidus.

Differentiate: Acromegaly and Myxedema.

Place the words at the bottom of the page next to the number that shows the location of the Endocrine Glands.

(1) ________
(2) ________
(3) ________
(4) ________
(5) ________
(6) ________
(7) ________
(8) ________
(9) ________

Pancreas Hypothalamus Pituitary Parathyroid Ovaries Adrenal Thyroid Thymus Testes

Some of the endocrine glands are shown by the guidelines.

(i) Name the glands 1 to 5.
(ii) Name any two endocrine glands which are not shown in the diagram.
(iii) Name one gland which is both exocrine and endocrine.

Given below is an outline of the human body showing the important glands.

(i) Name the glands marked 1 to 5.
(ii) Name the hormone secreted by 2. Give one important function of this hormone.
(iii) Name the endocrine cells present in part 3.
(iv) Name the hormone secreted by part 3. Give one important function of this hormone.

Given alongside are the diagrammatic sketches of some endocrine glands. Observe the figures and answer the following questions:

(i) Label the parts numbered 1 to 5.
(ii) Name the hormones secreted by (2) and (5).
(iii) Which chemicals in our body are greatly affected by hormones?
(iv) What is the chemical nature of hormones?
(v) Name the elements related to the functioning of hormones secreted by the structure (2) and (5).

Study the diagram given below and then answer the questions that follow:

1. Name the cells of the pancreas that produce (1) glucagon (2) insulin.
2. State the main function of (1) glucagon and (2) insulin.
3. Why is the pancreas referred to as an exo-endocrine gland?
4. Why is insulin not given orally but is injected into the body?
5. What is the technical term for the cells of the pancreas that produce endocrine hormones?
6. Where in the body is the pancreas located?

The sketch below shows a certain condition in an individual:

(i) Name the condition.
(ii) What is the underlying cause of this condition?
(iii) Name two other conditions that could have resulted due to a similar cause.
(iv) Which hormone is required for iodine synthesis?
(v) Where is the thyroid gland located?
(vi) The hormone secreted by the thyroid gland is controlled from which hormone?

Sketch and label the V. S. of pituitary gland.

Draw and label the structure of thyroid gland.

Give a labeled diagram of parathyroid gland.

Sketch and label the structure of adrenal gland.

Give a labeled diagram of thymus gland.

Name the Following: Which gland is exocrine as well as endocrine gland.

Name the Following: Which hormone is secreted by the pancreas

Name the Following: Hormone secreted by p-cells of Islets of Langerhans

Name the Following: Disease caused by the deficiency of insulin

Name the Following: The hormone produced by the thyroid gland.

Name the Following: Disorder caused by excess of thyroid hormone.

Name the Following: Iodine is necessary for the secretion of which hormone.

Name the Following: The master gland of the body, because it controls the activity of other endocrine gland also.

Name the Following: Hormone controls absorption of water from kidney tubules.

Name the Following: Hormone secreted by corpus luteum.

Give the Technical Term: What are the substances that control the growth and development in animals?

Give the Technical Term: Name the gland in the body that secretes the so-called ‘Emergency hormone’.

Give the Technical Term: When your mouth dries up and the heart begins to beat faster, which hormone brings about the feeling?

Give the Technical Term: Name the hormone which prepares the body to face an emergency situation.

Give the Technical Term: Name a condition caused due to hypo secretion of thyroxin in adults.

Give the Technical Term: Name the blood vessels which transport hormones from the endocrine glands to the various parts of the body.

Give the Technical Term: Name the hormones secreted by the pancreas.

Give the Technical Term: The condition which results in the abnormally long bones, long lower jaw bone due to hyper secretion of pituitary hormone.

Give the Technical Term: Name the cells of islets of langerhans in pancreas, which secretes insulin and glucagon.

Give the Technical Term: Name two hormones secreted by the alimentary canal.

Give the Technical Term: Name the hormone which maintains glucose level in the blood.

Give the Technical Term: What are releasing hormones?

Give the Technical Term: Name a hormone which controls developments of male secondary sexual characters.

Give the Technical Term: Name the structure which produces testosterone.

Give the Technical Term: The structure which controls the master gland.

Give the Technical Term: Name the glands which secrete the following hormone: Progesterone

Give the Technical Term: Name the glands which secrete the following hormone: Testosterone

Give the Technical Term: Name the glands which secrete the following hormone: ACTH

Give the Technical Term: Name the glands which secrete the following hormone: Relaxin

Give the Technical Term: Name the glands which secrete the following hormone: Adrenaline

Give the Technical Term: Name the glands which secrete the following hormone: Noradrenalin

Give the Technical Term: Name the hormones which lead to the following condition: Diabetes mellitus

Give the Technical Term: Name the hormones which lead to the following condition: Growth of beard in women

Give the Technical Term: Name the hormones which lead to the following condition: Myxedema

Give the Technical Term: Name the hormones which lead to the following condition: Gigantism

Give the Technical Term: Name the hormones which lead to the following condition: Exophthalmic goitre

Fill in the Blanks:

______ is called father of endocrinology.

Fill in the Blanks:

Nervous system and ______ are very closely related.

Fill in the Blanks:

The glands with ducts are called ______.

Fill in the Blanks:

A hormone which influences the ossification of bones is ______.

Fill in the Blanks:

The activities of the thyroid gland are controlled by ______ secreted by the ______.

Fill in the Blanks:

A disease caused in children due fo under secretion of thyroxin is ______.

Fill in the Blanks:

In adult deficiency in secretion of thyroid produces a disease called ______.

Fill in the Blanks:

Lack of iodine in diet causes ______.

Fill in the Blanks:

The endocrine part of the pancreas is ______.

Fill in the Blanks:

______ is a disease caused by hypoparathyroidism.

Fill in the Blanks:

Insulin makes the liver turn blood sugar into ______.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

Hormones are produced by endocrine gland.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

Hormones are chemically protein.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

The pituitary gland is both exocrine and endocrine in function.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

The alpha cells of the pancreas secrete insulin.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

Adrenal gland is called Master gland.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

Calcium is the main element of thyroxin.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

Adrenal cortex produces emergency hormone adrenaline.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

Adrenal medulla produces adrenaline.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

Thyroxin regulates metabolism.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

Rickets is caused due to deficiency of iodine.

Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:

Glucagon converts glucose into glycogen.

State the Location

Thyroid

State the Location

Adrenal

State the Location

Pancreas

State the Location

Prostate gland

State the Location

Pituitary gland

State the Function

Thyroxin

State the Function

Insulin

State the Function

Testosterone

State the Function

Oestradiol

State the Function

Progesterone

State the Function

Relaxin

State the Function

Oxytocin

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Which statement is not for a hormone?

The basal metabolic rate in body cells is regulated by:

The mammalian thymus is mainly concerned with:

Which of the following glands has both endocrine and exocrine functions?

Pancreas is a mixed gland in which:

Secretin is secreted by:

Vasopressin is concerned with:

Glucagon is secreted by:

Leydig cells are meant for:

Human chronic Gonadotropin:

Column ‘II’ is a list of items related to ideas in Column ‘I’. Match the term in Column ‘II’ with a suitable idea given in Column ‘I’.