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Question
Analyse the different aspects of population growth in India during 1901-1921 and 1921-1951.
Solution
- Phase-I - 1901-1921:
- The period from 1901-1921 is referred to as a period of stagnant or stationary phase of growth of India’s population, since in this period growth rate was very low,
- Even recording a negative growth rate during 1911-1921.
- Both the birth rate and death rate were high keeping the rate of increase low.
- Poor health and medical services, illiteracy of people at large and inefficient distribution system of food and other basic necessities were largely responsible for a high birth and death rates in this period.
- Phase-II - 1921-1951:
- Period of steady population growth.
- An overall improvement in health and sanitation throughout the country brought down the mortality rate.
- At the same time better transport and communication system improved distribution system.
- The crude birth rate remained high in this period leading to higher growth rate than the previous phase.
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