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Question
Assign oxidation numbers to the underlined elements in the following species:
KAl(SO4)2.12 H2O
Solution
+1 3+ x 2- +1 -2
K Al (SO4)2 · 12H2 O
Then, we have
1(+1) + 1(+3) + 2(x) + 8(-2) + 24(+1) + 12(-2) = 0
⇒ 1 + 3 + 2x - 16 24 - 24 =0
⇒ 2x = 12
⇒ x = +6
or
We can ignore the water molecule as it is a neutral molecule. Then, the sum of the oxidation numbers of all atoms of the water molecule may be taken as zero. Therefore, after ignoring the water molecule, we have
1(+1) + 1(+3) + 2(x) + 8(-2) = 0
⇒ 1 + 3 + 2x - 16 = 0
⇒ 2x = 12
⇒ x = + 6
Hence, the oxidation number of S is + 6.
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