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Question
Explain asexual reproduction in plants.
Solution 1
Asexual reproduction is the process by which a plant gives rise to a new plant without producing seeds or spores. Asexual reproduction in plants occurs by vegetative propagation. The development of a new plant from the vegetative part of a plant-like stem, root, or leaf is known as vegetative propagation. The various methods of vegetative propagation are:
- From underground stem: A potato plant has an underground stem known as the tuber. It has many buds called eyes. A vegetative bud consists of a short stem, around which immature overlapping leaves are present in a folded state. A bud can give rise to a new plant through asexual reproduction.
- Rhizome: The underground stem of ginger is known as the rhizome which is capable of giving rise to a new plant. A corm is an underground stem as found in Gladiolus. It can also be used for vegetative propagation.
- Through leaves: Leaves perform the function of photosynthesis. However, they can take part in asexual reproduction as well. In some plants, leaves can give rise to a new plant asexually. For example, the leaves of the plant Bryophyllum contain buds on its margins. These buds give rise to a new plant through asexual reproduction.
- From aerial stem: In certain plants, a slender stem arises from the base of the plant and touches the soil, it develops roots and buds at the point of contact with the soil and gives rise to new plants. When the new plant is old enough the stem connecting it to the parent plant withers away.
Solution 2
- Vegetative reproduction is a type of asexual reproduction in plants, where new plants are produced from the vegetative parts like roots, stems, leaves, and buds.
- All plants produced by vegetative propagation are similar to the parent, as they are produced from a single parent.
- This process can be observed in potato where new plants develop from eyes (bud on potato) or Bryophyllum which reproduces from buds on the leaf margin. Sugarcane and grasses also reproduce by buds present on nodes. Carrot and radish perform vegetative reproduction with the help of roots.
RELATED QUESTIONS
Differentiate between 'stem tuber' and 'tuberous root'.
…………. is a mode of asexual reproduction.
(a) Cloning
(b) Budding
(c) Pollination
(d) Germination
A student has to focus his compound microscope to observe a prepared slide showing different stages of binary fission in Amoeba. The steps he is likely to follow are listed below in a haphazard manner:
I. Adjust the diaphragm and the mirror of the microscope so that sufficient light may enter to illuminate the slide.
II. Fix the slide on the stage carefully.
III. Adjust the microscope to high power and focus.
IV. Adjust the microscope to low power and focus.
The correct sequence of the above steps to observe the slide under the microscope is
(A) I, II, IV, III
(B) II, I, IV, III
(C) II, IV, I, III
(D) I, IV, II, III
How does multiple fission occur in an organism? Explain briefly.
List any two modes of asexual reproduction in animals.Under which mode of reproduction is vegetative propagation placed and why?
How does Plasmodium reproduce. Is this method sexual or asexual?
A student in viewing under a microscope a permanent slide showing various stages of asexual reproduction by budding in yeast. Draw diagrams of what he observes (in proper sequence)
The yeast cells fail to multiply in water but they multiply rapidly in sugar solution. Give one reason for it.
What is meant by multiple fission? Name one organism which reproduces by the process of multiple fission.
Define 'stock' and 'scion'.
What is the difference between the cuttings method and grafting method for the artificial propagation of plants?
Spore formation is the most common asexual method of reproduction in :
(a) protozoa
(b) tubers
(c) fungi
(d) algae
The cut part of a plant stem (without roots) which is used in grafting is called :
(a) stock
(b) stump
(c) scion
(d) graft
Multiple fission occurs in one of the following. This is :
(a) bread mould
(b) kala-azar parasite
(c) flatworm
(d) malaria parasite
When a moist slice of bread was kept aside for a few days then some organism grew on it to form a white cottony mass which later turned black. When this slice of bread was observed through a magnifying glass, then fine thread-like projections and thin stems having bulb-like structures at the top were seen.
(a) What is the common name and scientific name of the organism which grew on the moist slice of bread?
(b) How did this organism grow on the moist slice of bread automatically?
(c) What are the fine, thread-like projections on the surface of slice of bread known as?
(d) What name is given to the knob-like structures and what do they contain?
(e) What is the name of this method of reproduction?
(f) Name one unicellular organism which reproduces by this method.
(g) Name tow non-flowering plants which reproduce by this method.
When the branches of a plant growing in the field are pulled towards the ground and a part of them is covered with moist soil (leaving the tips of the branches exposed above the ground), then after some time new roots develop from the parts of branches buried in the soil. On cutting these branches from the parent plant, new plants are produced from the cut parts of branches which had developed roots.
(a) What is this method of propagation of plants known as?
(b) What type of branches should a plant have to be able to be propagated by this method?
(c) Name any two plants which are grown for their flowers and propagated by this method.
(d) Name any two plants which are grown for their fruits and propagated by this method
(e) Name one plant which gets propagated by this method naturally by forming runners (soft horizontal stems running above the ground).
When a broken piece of the stem of a plant X is planted in the soil, a new plant grows from it in a week's time. The leaves of plant X also have many small entities Y in their margins which can fall to the ground alone or alongwith leaves and grow into new plants.
(a) Name a plant which X could be.
(b) What are the entities Y present on the leaves of X known as?
(c) Name a plant other than X which can be reproduced from its leaves.
(d) Name a common plant grown in many homes which can be propagated from its broken stems like plant X.
(e) Name a kind of dormant organs present in dry stems of old grass plants lying in the fields which get activated and produce green grass plants after the rains.
Put a tick mark (✓) against the correct alternative in the following statement
Grafting is a method of:
Write a short note on Bryophyllum.
Fill in the blank:
Yeast cells reproduce by ________.
Fill in the blank:
Fungi, ferns and mosses reproduce by ____________________.
Mention the common method of reproduction in Mango.
What is meant by asexual reproduction?
Following diagrams were drawn by different student on having seen prepared slides of budding in yeast.
Correct diagrams are
(A) I, II, III
(B) II, III, IV
(C) III, IV, V
(D) I, IV, V
What is regeneration in organism?
List two observations on the basis of which it may be concluded that the given slide shows binary fission in Amoeba.
Name four plants which can be propagated by root-cutting
Name the parts of the plants used to grow following flower: China rose
How is vegetative propagation economically important?
What are the objectives of plant hybridisation?
Describe the process of fertilization in angiosperms with the help of a diagram.
This method of asexual reproduction is seen in paramoecium.
During favourable conditions, Amoeba reproduces by ______
A feature of reproduction that is common to Amoeba, Yeast, and Spirogyra is that ______
The ability of an organism to develop a whole body from a broken piece or fragment is called ______
In Spirogyra, asexual reproduction takes place by ______
In the following Question, the Assertion and Reason have been put forward. Read the statements carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: Amoeba reproduced by fission.
Reason: All unicellular organisms are reproduced by the asexual method.
Rajesh observed a patch of greenish black powdery mass on a stale piece of bread.
Name the organism responsible for this and its specific mode of asexual reproduction.
