Question

Explain cationic, anionic and neutral sphere complexes w ith example.

Answer 1

1. Cationic Complexes: A cationic sphere complex is a coordination compound with a positively charged coordination sphere.

For example: $$[\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{NH}{\phantom{A}}_3){\phantom{A}}_5\mathrm{Cl}]\mathrm{SO}{\phantom{A}}_4\stackrel{-\rightharpoonup }{\leftharpoondown -}(\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{NH}{\phantom{A}}_3){\phantom{A}}_5\mathrm{Cl}){\phantom{A}}^{2+}+\mathrm{SO}{\phantom{A}}_4^{2-}$$

2. Anionic Sphere Complexes: An anionic complex is a coordination compound with a negatively charged coordination sphere.

For example: $$[\mathrm{Ni}(\mathrm{CN}){\phantom{A}}_4]{\phantom{A}}^{2-}\mathrm{K}{\phantom{A}}_3[\mathrm{Fe}(\mathrm{CN}){\phantom{A}}_6]\stackrel{-\rightharpoonup }{\leftharpoondown -}3\mathrm{K}{\phantom{A}}^{+}+[\mathrm{Fe}(\mathrm{CN}){\phantom{A}}_6]{\phantom{A}}^{3-}$$

3. Neutral Sphere Complexes: A neutral coordination complex lacks cationic or anionic spheres.

For example: $$[\mathrm{Pt}(\mathrm{NH}{\phantom{A}}_3){\phantom{A}}_2\mathrm{Cl}{\phantom{A}}_2],[\mathrm{Ni}(\mathrm{Co}){\phantom{A}}_4]$$