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Question
Give brief information of three subatomic particles with reference to electrical charge, mass and location.
Solution
- Electron
- Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom.
- Electrons are negatively charged that is (−1.6 × 10-19 coulomb).
- The mass of an electron is considered to be negligible. It is 1800 times less than that of a hydrogen
- The mass of an electron is 1800 times less than that of a hydrogen atom
- It revolves around the nucleus in the discrete orbit.
- Proton:
- Protons are present inside the nucleus of an atom.
- Protons are positively charged that is (1e = 1.6 × 10-19 coulomb).
- The mass of a proton is approximately 1 u (1 Dalton) that is (1u = 1.66 × 10-27 kg).
- They are closely bound in the nucleus.
- Neutron:
- Neutrons are present inside the nucleus of an atom.
- Neutrons are neutral. There is no charge.
- The mass of a neutron is nearly equal to the mass of a proton that is 1u(1Dalton) that is (1u = 1.66 × 10-27 kg).
- They are closely bound in the nucleus.
RELATED QUESTIONS
The average atomic mass of a sample of an element X is 16.2 u. What are the percentages of isotopes `""_8^16X" and """_8^18X` in the sample?
MATCH THE COLUMNAS
| 1. Jpham Dalton | a. Neutrons |
| 2. Atom | b. Model of the atom |
| 3. Chadwick | c.The atomic theory of matter |
| 4. Rutherfrod | d. Positively charged |
| 5. Protons | e. Electricity neutral |
| 6. Nuclear fusion | f. Generator of electricity |
| 7.Gamma -rays | g. High penetrating power |
| h.Energy in sun |
TRUE \ FALSE
Elements combine in definite proportions to form compounds.
Define:- Molecule
Name two particles found inside the nucleus. What are they collectively called ?
What are orbits or shells ?
Define: An Atom:
How many times is a proton heavier than an electron?
An atom of an element X may be written as `""_9^4"X"`
(a) What does the figure 9 indicate?
(b) What does the figure 4 indicate?
(c) What is the number of protons in atom X?
(d) What is the number of neutrons in atom X?
(e) What is the number of electrons in atom X?
(f) How many electrons are there in the outermost shell of an atom of element X?
(g) Write the symbol of ion formed by an atom of element X.
Give scientific reason.
All the mass of an atom is concentrated in the nucleus.
The electron shell ______ is nearest to the nucleus.
Deduce from the datum provided.
| Datum | To deduce |
| \[\ce{_11^23Na}\] | Neutron number |
| \[\ce{_6^14C}\] | Mass number |
| \[\ce{_17^37 Cl}\] | Proton number |
In what respects do the three isotopes of hydrogen differ? Give their structures.
Draw the diagrams representing the atomic structures of the following: Neon
Select the correct answer to the statement given below:
The smallest particle of a substance – capable of independent existence and which retains the characteristics of the substance.
The basic unit of matter is ______.
In all atoms of an element
Atoms of different elements having the same number of ______ are called isotones.
Dalton’s atomic theory successfully explained
(i) Law of conservation of mass
(ii) Law of constant composition
(iii) Law of radioactivity
(iv) Law of multiple proportions
What are the 3 most abundant atoms on the earth?
