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Question
Give one chemical test each to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds:
(1) Ethanol and acetic acid
(2) Acetaldehyde and benzaldehyde
Solution
(1) Ethanol and acetic acid: Acetic acid turns blue litmus solution red but ethanol does not.
(2) Acetaldehyde and benzaldehyde: The given compound is treated with alkaline solution of iodine. If yellow ppt. - Acetaldehyde
No ppt. - Benzaldehyde
\[\ce{CH3CHO + 4NaOH +I2 ->\underset{\text{Iodoform}}{CHI3 v }HCOONa + 3H2O +3NaI}\]
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