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Question
Give reason to explain why ClF3 exists but FCl3 does not exist.
Solution
Chlorine has vacant d-orbitals, which become excited upon bonding when electrons from the 3p-orbital are promoted to the 3d-orbital, giving it a covalency of three.
Due to the lack of unoccupied d-orbitals in the second energy shell, fluorine cannot expand its octet. As a result, it can only have one covalency.
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