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Question
How is operating profit ascertained?
Solution
Operating profit = Revenue from operations – Operating cost
Cost of revenue from operations = Purchases of stock–in–trade + Change in inventories of stock in trade + Direct expenses.
Operating expenses = Administrative expenses + Selling and distribution expenses.
Operating cost = Cost of revenue from operations + Operating expenses.
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RELATED QUESTIONS
Calculate the current ratio from the following information.
| Particulars | ₹ | Particulars | ₹ |
| Current investments | 40,000 | Fixed assets | 5,00,000 |
| Inventories | 2,00,000 | Trade creditors | 80,000 |
| Trade debtors | 1,20,000 | Bills Payable | 50,000 |
| Bills receivable | 80,000 | Expenses payable | 20,000 |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 10,000 | Non-Current liability | 3,00,000 |
Following is the balance sheet of Lakshmi Ltd. as of 31st March 2019.
| Particulars | ₹ |
| I Equity and Liabilities | |
| 1. Shareholder's Funds | |
| Equity share capital | 4,00,000 |
| 2. Non- Current liabilities | |
| Long term borrowings | 2,00,000 |
| 3. Current Liabilities | |
| (a) Short - term borrowings | 50,000 |
| (b) Trade payable | 3,10,000 |
| (c) Other current liabilities Expenses Payable | 15,000 |
| (d) Short - term provisions | 25,000 |
| Total | 10,00,000 |
| II Assets | |
| 1. Non - Current assets | |
| (a) Fixed assets Tangible assets | 4,00,000 |
| 2. Current assets | |
| (a) Inventories | 1,60,000 |
| (b) Trade debtors | 3,20,000 |
| (c) Cash and cash equivalents | 80,000 |
| (d) Other current assets prepaid expenses | 40,000 |
| Total | 10,00,000 |
Calculate: (i) Current ratio (ii) Quick ratio
From the following Balance Sheet of Sundaram Ltd. Calculate proprietary ratio:
| Balance Sheet of Sundaram Ltd. as on 31.03.2019 |
|
| Particulars | Amount ₹ |
| I EQUITY AND LIABILITIES | |
| 1. Shareholders’ Fund | |
| a) Share capital | |
| (i) Equity share capital | 2,50,000 |
| (ii) Preference share capital | 1,50,000 |
| (b) Reserves and surplus | 50,000 |
| 2. Non – Current Liabilities | |
| Long term borrowings | |
| 3. Current liabilities | |
| Trade Payable | 1,50,000 |
| Total | 6,00,000 |
| II ASSETS | |
| 1. Non-Current assets | |
| (a) Fixed Assets | 4,60,000 |
| (b) Non-Current investments | 1 ,00,000 |
| 2. Current assets | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 40,000 |
| Total | 6,00,000 |
Current ratio indicates ______.
What is a quick ratio?
From the following information calculate the capital gearing ratio:
| Balance Sheet (Extract) as on 31.03.2018 | |
| Particulars | Amount ₹ |
| I. EQUITY AND LIABILITIES | |
| 1. Shareholders Funds | |
| (a) Share capital | |
| Equity share capital | 4,00,000 |
| 5% Preference share capital | 1,00,000 |
| (b) Reserves and surplus | |
| General reserve | 2,50,000 |
| Surplus | 1,50,000 |
| 2. Non-current Liabilities | |
| Long-term borrowings (6% Debentures) | 3,00,000 |
| 3. Current liabilities | |
| Trade payables | 1,20,000 |
| provision for tax | 30,000 |
| Total | 13,50,000 |
From the given information calculate the inventory turnover ratio and inventory conversion period (in months) of Devi Ltd.
| Particulars | Rs. |
| Revenue from operations | 12,00,000 |
| Inventory at the beginning of the year | 1,70,000 |
| Inventory at the end of the year | 1,30,000 |
| Purchase made during the year | 6,90,000 |
| Carriage inwards | 20,000 |
The credit revenue from operations of Velavan Ltd, amounted to ₹ 10,00,000. Its debtors and bills receivables at the end of the accounting period amounted to ₹ 1,10,000 and ₹ 1,40,000 respectively. Calculate trade receivables turnover ratio and also collection period in months.
From the following statement of profit. and loss of Dericston Ltd. Calculate
- Gross Profit ratio
- Net Profit ratio.
| Statement of Profit and Loss | |
| Particulars | ₹ |
| I. Revenue from operations | 24,00,000 |
| II. Other income: | |
| Income from investment | 70,000 |
| III. Total revenues (I+II) | 24,70,000 |
| IV. Expenses: | |
| Purchases of stock-in-trade | 18,80,000 |
| Changes in inventories | -80,000 |
| Employee benefits expense | 2,90,000 |
| Other expenses | 1,10,000 |
| Provision for tax | 30,000 |
| Total expenses | 22,30,000 |
| V. Profit for year | 2,40,000 |
Following is the extract of balance sheet of Abdul Ltd., as on 31st March, 2019:
| Particulars | Rs. |
| I EQUITY AND LIABILITIES | |
| 1. Shareholders’ Funds | |
| a) Share capital | 2,00,000 |
| b) Reserves and surplus | 50,000 |
| 2. Non-Current liabilities | |
| Long-term borrowings | 1,50,000 |
| 3. Current liabilities | |
| (a) Trade Payable | 1,30,000 |
| (b) Reserves and surplus | 5,000 |
| (c) Short–term provisions | 20,000 |
| Total | 5,55,000 |
Net profit before interest and tax for the year was ₹ 60,000. Calculate the return on capital employed for the year.
