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Question
In RNAi genes are silenced using ______.
Options
ss DNA
ds DNA
ds RNA
ss RNA
Solution
In RNAi genes are silenced using ds RNA.
Explanation:
RNAi is a cellular defense mechanism found in all eukaryotic species. This method involves the silencing of a specific mRNA by a complementary ds RNA molecule binding to the mRNA and preventing it from being translated (silencing). Infection with viruses with RNA genomes or mobile genetic elements (transposons) that replicate via an RNA intermediary could be the source of this complementary RNA.
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RNA interference (RNAi) holds great potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of human diseases and as biocontrol agents in controlling pests in the field agriculture. An experiment was carried to study the use of 'RNAi' for the potential treatment of disorders of cholesterol metabolism. Some people possess genetic mutations with elevated levels of ApoB gene which predisposes them to coronary artery diseases. Lowering the amount ApoB can reduce the number of lipoproteins and lower the blood cholesterol. Tracy Zimmerman and her colleagues used RNAi in 2006 to reduce the level of ApoB in non human primates Cynomolgus monkeys. One group of monkeys were given RNAi treatment (small interfering RNAs, SiRNAs) (doses 1 mg/kg, SiRNAs), second group of monkeys were given RNAi treatment (doses 2.5 mg/kg, SiRNAs) and third group of monkeys were injected with saline. |
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