Advertisements
Advertisements
Question
Under which condition laws of Boyle, Charles, and Gay-Lussac are valid?
Solution 1
The laws of Boyle, Charles, and Gay-Lussac are strictly valid for real gases, only if the pressure of the gas is not too high and the temperature is not close to the liquefaction temperature of the gas.
Solution 2
- Boyle’s Law `(P alpha 1/V "at constant T")`: Boyle’s Law states that pressure (P) and volume (V) are inversely proportional when temperature and the number of gas molecules remain constant. It is valid only if the temperature remains constant and the gas behaves ideally.
- Charles’s Law (V ∝ T at constant P): Charles’s Law states that volume (V) and absolute temperature (T) are directly proportional when pressure and the number of gas molecules remain constant. It is valid only if the pressure remains constant and the gas follows ideal gas behaviour.
- Gay-Lussac’s Law (P ∝ T at constant V): Gay-Lussac’s Law states that pressure (P) and absolute temperature (T) are directly proportional when volume and the number of gas molecules remain constant. It is valid only if the volume remains constant and the gas exhibits ideal behaviour.
APPEARS IN
RELATED QUESTIONS
When we place a gas cylinder on a van and the van moves, does the kinetic energy of the molecules increase? Does the temperature increase?
Do you expect the gas in a cooking gas cylinder to obey the ideal gas equation?
It is said that the assumptions of kinetic theory are good for gases having low densities. Suppose a container is so evacuated that only one molecule is left in it. Which of the assumptions of kinetic theory will not be valid for such a situation? Can we assign a temperature to this gas?
A gas is kept in an enclosure. The pressure of the gas is reduced by pumping out some gas. Will the temperature of the gas decrease by Charles's low?
The pressure of an ideal gas is written as \[P = \frac{2E}{3V}\] . Here E refers to
The mean square speed of the molecules of a gas at absolute temperature T is proportional to
Find the number of molecules of an ideal gas in a volume of 1.000 cm3 at STP.
The mean speed of the molecules of a hydrogen sample equals the mean speed of the molecules of a helium sample. Calculate the ratio of the temperature of the hydrogen sample to the temperature of the helium sample.
Use R = 8.314 JK-1 mol-1
The weather report reads, "Temperature 20°C : Relative humidity 100%". What is the dew point?
A glass contains some water at room temperature 20°C. Refrigerated water is added to it slowly. when the temperature of the glass reaches 10°C, small droplets condense on the outer surface. Calculate the relative humidity in the room. The boiling point of water at a pressure of 17.5 mm of mercury is 20°C and at 8.9 mm of mercury it is 10°C.
Answer in brief:
Compare the rms speed of hydrogen molecules at 127ºC with rms speed of oxygen molecules at 27ºC given that molecular masses of hydrogen and oxygen are 2 and 32 respectively.
Calculate the ratio of the mean square speeds of molecules of a gas at 30 K and 120 K.
Two vessels A and B are filled with the same gas where the volume, temperature, and pressure in vessel A is twice the volume, temperature, and pressure in vessel B. Calculate the ratio of the number of molecules of the gas in vessel A to that in vessel B.
Find the kinetic energy of 5 litres of a gas at STP, given the standard pressure is 1.013 × 105 N/m2.
Earth’s mean temperature can be assumed to be 280 K. How will the curve of blackbody radiation look like for this temperature? Find out λmax. In which part of the electromagnetic spectrum, does this value lie? (Take Wien's constant b = 2.897 × 10−3 m K)
The number of degrees of freedom, for the vibrational motion of a polyatomic molecule, depends on the ______
Why the temperature of all bodies remains constant at room temperature?
If the density of nitrogen is 1.25 kg/m3 at a pressure of 105 Pa, find the root mean square velocity of nitrogen molecules.
The average K.E. of hydrogen molecules at 27° C is E. The average K.E. at 627° C is ____________.
The average translational kinetic energy of a molecule in a gas is 'E1'. The kinetic energy of the electron (e) accelerated from rest through p.d. 'V' volt is 'E2'. The temperature at which E1 = E2 is possible, is ______.
An ideal gas in a container of volume 500 cc is at a pressure of 2 × 105 N/m2. The average kinetic energy of each molecule is 6 × 10−21 J. The number of gas molecules in the container is ______.
An inflated rubber balloon contains one mole of an ideal gas, has a pressure p, volume V and temperature T. If the temperature rises to 1.1 T, and the volume is increased to 1.05 V, the final pressure will be ______.
Consider a rectangular block of wood moving with a velocity v0 in a gas at temperature T and mass density ρ. Assume the velocity is along x-axis and the area of cross-section of the block perpendicular to v0 is A. Show that the drag force on the block is `4ρAv_0 sqrt((KT)/m)`, where m is the mass of the gas molecule.
23Ne decays to 23Na by negative beta emission. Mass of 23Ne is 22.994465 amu mass of 23Na is 22.989768 amu. The maximum kinetic energy of emitted electrons neglecting the kinetic energy of recoiling product nucleus is ______ MeV.
A proton, a deuteron and an α-particle with same kinetic energy enter into a uniform magnetic field at right angle to magnetic field. The ratio of the radii of their respective circular paths is ______.
When the temperature of an ideal gas is increased from 27°C to 227°C, its speed is changed from 400 ms-1 to vs, and Then vs is ______.
According to the kinetic theory of gases, at a given temperature, molecules of all gases have the same ______.
