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Question
What is meant by a 'Share' ? Give any two differences between 'Preference Shares' and 'Equity Shares'.
Solution
Share refers to a unit into which the share capital of a company is divided. It includes the stock of the company and represents ownership claims on business.
| Basis of Difference | Preference Shares | Equity Shares |
| Participation in Management | Preference shareholders have right to participate in the management only in special circumstances. | Equity shareholders have right to participate in management. |
| Sequence of Dividend | Fixed rate of dividend is received | Dividend to equity shareholders is paid only if there is surplus after paying off preference shareholders |
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RELATED QUESTIONS
Preference shares carry dividend at .......................... rate.
- Fixed
- Fluctuating
- Lower
Jain Ltd. converted 500, 8% debentures of Rs 100 each issued at a discount of 6% into equity shares of Rs 10 each issued at a premium of Rs 25 per share. Discount on issue of 8% debentures has not yet been written off. Showing your working notes clearly, pass necessary journal entries for conversion of 8% debentures into equity shares.
Pass necessary journal entries in the following cases
Kay Ltd. converted 3,000, 12% debentures of Rs 100 each issued at a premium of 10% into equity shares of Rs 100 each issued at a premium of 25%.
Jain Motors Ltd. converted its 200, 8% debentures of Rs 100 each issued at a discount of 6% into equity shares of Rs 10 each, issued at a premium of 25%. Discount on issue of 8% debentures has not yet been written off.
Showing your working notes clearly pass necessary Journal Entries on conversion of 8% debentures into equity shares.
Define Equity Shares and explain its features.
Write notes on Features of equity shares.
Write a word or term or phrase which can substitute each of the following statements:
The use of borrowed capital for financing a business firm.
What is equity share? Explain the feature of equity shares.
Equity shares are paid dividend at ____________ rate.
Fully convertible debentures are converted into __________ shares on maturity.
Long Answer Question
What do you mean by the term ‘share’? Discuss the type of shares, which can be issued under the Companies Act, 2013 as amended to date.
Software solution India Ltd inviting application for 20,000 equity share of Rs 100 each, payable Rs 40 on application, Rs 30 on allotment and Rs 30 on call. The company received applications for 32,000 shares. Application for 2,000 shares were rejected and money returned to Applicants. Applications for 10,000 shares were accepted in full and applicants for 20,000 share allotted half of the number of share applied and excess application money adjusted into allotment. All money received due on allotment and call. Prepare journal and cash book.
A limited company offered for subscription of 1,00,000 equity shares of Rs 10 each at a premium of Rs 2 per share. 2,00,000. 10% Preference shares of Rs 10 each at par. The amount on share was payable as under :
|
|
Equity Shares |
Preference Shares |
|
On Application |
Rs 3 per share |
Rs 3 per share |
|
On Allotment |
Rs 5 per share |
Rs 4 per share |
|
|
(including a premium) |
|
|
On First Call |
Rs 4 per share |
Rs 3 per share |
All the shares were fully subscribed, called-up and paid. Record these transactions in the journal and cash book of the company:
Sangam Ltd. invited applications for 10,000 Equity Shares of ₹ 100 each issued at par. The amount was payable on application. The issue was oversubscribed by 2,000 shares and allotment was made on pro rata basis. Pass necessary Journal entries.
Bharat Ltd made the first call of ₹ 2 per share on its 1,00,000 Equity Shares on 1st March , 2006. Ashok, a shareholder, holding 800 shares paid the second and final call amount along with the first call money. The second and final call amount was ₹ 3 per share. Pass necessary journal entries for recording the above using the Calls-in Advance Account.
2,000 Equity Shares of ₹ 10 each were issued to Limited from whom assets of ₹ 25,000 were acquired .
Pass Journal entry.
Rajan Ltd . purchased assets from Geeta & Co . for ₹ 5,00,000. A sum of ₹ 1,00,000 was paid by means of a bank draft and for the balance due Rajan Ltd. issued equity Shares of ₹ 10 each at a premium of 25%. journalise the above transactions in the books of the company.
Light Lamps Ltd. issued 50,000 shares of ₹ 10 each as fully paid-up to the promoters for their services to set-up the company . It also issued 2,000 shares of ₹ 10 each credited as fully paid-up to the underwriters of shares for their services . journalise these transactions.
Sandesh Ltd. took over the assets of ₹ 7,00,000 and liabilities of ₹ 2,00,000 from Sanchar Ltd. for a purchase consideration of ₹ 4,59,500. ₹ 8,500 were paid by accepting a draft in favour of Sanchar Ltd. payable after three months and the balance was paid by issue of equity shares of ₹ 10 each at a premium of 10% in favour of Sanchar Ltd.
Pass necessary journal entries for the above transactions in the books of Sandesh Ltd.
Ankit Ltd. issued 20,000 equity shares of 10 each at a premium of ₹ 2 per share, payable as:
| On Application | : | ₹ 3 |
| On Allotment | : | ₹ 5 (including premium) |
| On First Call | : | ₹ 2 |
| On Second and Final Call | : | ₹ 2 |
Vijay was allotted 500 shares. Pass the necessary Journal entries relating to the forfeiture of shares in following cases.
| Case I | Vijay did not pay allotment money and his shares were immediately forfeited. |
| Case II | Vijay did not pay allotment and first call, his shares were forfeited after first call. |
| Case III | Vijay failed to pay first call and his shares were forfeited immediately. |
| Case IV | Vijay failed to pay both the calls and his shares were forfeited. |
Raja Ltd. invited applications for issuing 50,000 Equity Shares of ₹ 10 each . The amount was payable as follows:
| On application --- ₹ 3 per share On allotment --- ₹ 5 per share, On first and final call --- Balance. |
Applications for 70,000 shares were received . Allotment was made to all applicants on pro rata basis. Excess money received on application was adjusted towards sums due on allotment . Ramesh, who had applied for 700 shares , did not pay the allotment money and on his failure to pay the allotment money his shares were forfeited. Afterwards , the first and the final call was made . Adhar, who had been allotted 500 shares, did not pay the first and final call . His shares were also forfeited . Out of the forfeited shares 900 shares were reissued at ₹ 8 per share as fully paid-up . The reissued shares included all the shares of Ramesh.
Pass necessary journal entries for the above transactions in the books of the company.
SHARE STOCK
Explain any three disadvantages of issuing equity shares, from the Company's point of view.
Distinguish between equity shares and preference shares.
What is meant by participating preference shares?
Which of the following statement is incorrect about Preference Shares?
Which type of shares cannot be issued as per the Companies Act, 2013?
Which type of shares is not convertible?
The director of a company must be ______.
Equity Shares are ______.
On the basis of information given by Aradhana Ltd., prepare a Cash Flow Statement for the year ending 31st March 2021:
| Aradhana Ltd. Balance Sheet as on 31st March, 2021 | |||
| Particulars | Note No. | 31st March, 2020 | 31st March, 2021 |
| I. Equity and Liabilities | |||
| 1. Shareholder’s Funds | |||
| (a) Share Capital | 5,00,000 | 7,30,000 | |
| (b) Reserves and Surplus | 1 | 3,50,000 | 3,70,000 |
| 2. Non-current Liabilities | |||
| Long-term Borrowings | 2 | 4,00,000 | 2,00,000 |
| 3. Current Liabilities | |||
| (a) Trade Payables | 3 | 3,60,000 | 4,60,000 |
| (b) Short Term provisions | 4 | 3,25,000 | 3,20,000 |
| Total | 19,35,000 | 20,80,000 | |
| II. Assets | |||
| 1. Non-current Assets | |||
| (a)Fixed Assets | 5 | ||
| (i) Tangible Assets | 6 | 4,50,000 | 5,00,000 |
| (ii) Intangible Assets | 3,10,000 | 3,02,000 | |
| (b)Long-term Loans and Advances | 4,00,000 | 4,30,000 | |
| 2. Current Assets | |||
| (a) Inventories | 2,70,000 | 2,90,000 | |
| (b) Trade Receivables | 2,40,000 | 2,60,000 | |
| (c) Cash and Cash Equivalents | 2,65,000 | 2,98,000 | |
| Total | 19,35,000 | 20,80,000 | |
Note to Accounts
| Particulars | 31st March 2020 | 31st March 2021 |
| 1. Reserves and Surplus Statement of Profit and loss | 3,50,000 | 3,70,000 |
| 2. Long-term Borrowings 10% Debentures | 4,00,000 | 2,00,000 |
| 3. Trade Payables | ||
| Creditors | 2,40,000 | 2,60,000 |
| Bills Payable | 1,20,000 | 2,00,000 |
| 3,60,000 | 4,60,000 | |
| 4. Short-Term Provisions Provision for Tax | 3,25,000 | 3,20,000 |
| 5. Tangible Fixed Assets | ||
| Machinery | 5,50,000 | 6,60,000 |
| Less: Provision for Depreciation | 1,00,000 | 1,60,000 |
| 4,50,000 | 5,00,000 | |
| 6. Intangible Fixed Assets Patents | 3,10,000 | 3,02,000 |
Additional Information:
- Debentures were redeemed on 1st April,2020.
- Tax paid during the year ₹2,80,000.
