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Question
Write short note
Population pyramid and sex ratio
Solution
1. Demographers use population pyramids to describe age and genderwise distribution of population.
2. The Y-axis in the centre of this graph shows age groups while X-axis shows population or percentage of population in specific age groups.
3. The lengths of bars show the number of percentage of population.
4. The left side of graph represents the males while the right side represents the females.
5. The ratio between the number of women and men in the population is called the sex ratio. In India, it is calculated by using the formula:
Sex ratio = `"Total Female population"/"Total Male population"`× 1000
6. The gender distribution in a country is an important demographic characteristic and the sex ratio is an important information about the status of women in a country.
7. On an average, the world population reflects a sex ratio of 990 females per 1000 males.
8. In general, Asia has a low sex ratio.
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Table: India-Class-wise number of towns and cities and their population, 2011
| Class | Population Size | Number of Cities | Total Urban Population (in thousands) | % of Total Urban Population |
| I | 1,00,000 & more | 568 | 2,27,899 | 60-45 |
| II | 50,000-99,999 | 474 | 41,328 | 10-96 |
| III | 20,000-49,999 | 1,373 | 58,174 | 15-43 |
| IV | 10,000-19,999 | 1,683 | 31,866 | 8-45 |
| V | 5,000-9,999 | 1,749 | 15,883 | 4-21 |
| VI | less than 5,000 | 424 | 1,956 | 0-52 |
Source: Census of India-2011 and India 2017, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India.
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Which type of population pyramid shows a bell shape?
