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प्रश्न
Answer the question.
Explain Maslow’s theory.
उत्तर
Maslow Theory: Abraham H. Maslow, an American psychologist has developed a classification of human needs which is known as the ‘Hierarchy of Needs’. Needs are those desires, wants or urges of individuals which influence their behavior.
Types of Needs:
- Physiological Needs: These are the basic needs which a person is required to satisfy first of all in order to survive in life. These include the need for air. water, food, sleep, sex, etc. As these needs are concerned with the sheer survival, they are at the base in the hierarchy of needs. An organization can satisfy the physiological needs of its employees by offering a good salary and comfortable working conditions.
- Safety and Security Need: These needs arise after the satisfaction of physiological needs. These include physical safety against danger and economic security against old age, sickness, etc. An employer can satisfy the safety needs of his employees by offering job security, pension, gratuity, housing, etc.
- Social and Affiliation Needs: These are related to the natural desire to socialize or interact with others. The person needs love, affection, a sense of belonging, association, friendship with others. Once the people get their physiological and safety needs satisfied, the affiliation needs to become more active.
- Ego Needs: Ego needs include factors like self-respect, autonomy status, recognition and attention from others. An organization can satisfy these needs by offering challenging jobs, recognizing good performance, providing good job titles, etc.
- Self Actualization Needs: Self-actualization needs refer to need to grow and self-fulfillment. These needs arise after the satisfaction of all previous needs i.e., physiological, safety, social, ego needs. For example, A manager may provide opportunities for continuous learning, encourage creativity, grant independence and allow risk-taking to help employees satisfy their self-actualization needs.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Answer the following question:
Explain self-actualization need as given by Maslow.
With the help of a diagram, explain the hierarchy of needs as given by Ma slow.
What are the biological bases of hunger and thirst needs?
The highest level need in the need Hierarchy of Abraham Maslow
______ needs relate to physical and economic security and well-being. For example, an employee desires job security, income stability, etc.
Read the following text and answer the following question on the basis of the same:
Mr. Sunil Diali is a safety officer in a reputed PSU sector ECL. He supervises the workers towards the predetermined goals of the organisation and directs how to eradicate unsafe practices of inundation, fire breakouts, existence of inflammable gases, etc. On one such instances there was huge fire breakout in the underground mines and the workers morale was down and demotivated because of several risk hazards. Mr. Diali observed the whole situation and consulted with all his workers and constantly monitored, guided and inspired them to integrate their efforts and accept the situation as a challenge and take adequate safety measures for fire extinguish and subsidizing its effects. Thereby, production turnover was outstanding and outperformed other subsidiaries. Mr. Diali was recognized with Bravery Award from CIL.
Under Maslow' s hierarchy need theory which need of Mr. Diali has been met through respect and recognition among other employees?
Which of the following Maslow's needs include factors such as self-respect, autonomy status, recognition and attention?
Which of the following Maslow' s needs refer to affection, sense of belongingness, acceptance and friendship?
Which of the following Maslow's need includes factors such as self-respect, autonomy status, recognition and attention?
Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow.
| By applying Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs, the Human Resources Department in orgnisations strive to make the workplace a second home for the employees. The professional employees who studied Psychology and Organisational Behaviour create good working conditions in the workplaces. In offices, one can find comfortable places, places to rest and nap, kitchen and plenty of food and drinks, and transportation facility. Training programmes are conducted for employees on principles and ethics of workplace and respect for fellow employees. Some organisations also have rewarding systems club membership, profit shares and promotion, retirement plan and social insurance, medical insurance and annual paid vacations. All these conditions and benefits have a great impact on the behaviour of employees which eventually impacts the work environment and business of the organisation. |
- Discuss how each need, as given by Maslow, is satisfied in the above case.
- To which level of management, does the Human Resource Manager belong? Mention any two functions performed by her.
