मराठी

A piece of wood from the ruins of an ancient building was found to have a 14C activity of 12 disintegrations per minute per gram of its carbon content. - Physics

Advertisements
Advertisements

प्रश्न

A piece of wood from the ruins of an ancient building was found to have a 14C activity of 12 disintegrations per minute per gram of its carbon content. The 14C activity of the living wood is 16 disintegrations per minute per gram. How long ago did the tree, from which the wooden sample came, die? Given half-life of 14C is 5760 years.

टीपा लिहा

उत्तर

`t = 1/λ` In `R_0/R`

= `5760/0.693` In `16/12 = 5760/0.693` In `4/3`

= `5760/0.693 xx 2.303 log  4/3` 

= 2391.12 years.

shaalaa.com
  या प्रश्नात किंवा उत्तरात काही त्रुटी आहे का?
पाठ 13: Nuclei - Exercises [पृष्ठ ८४]

APPEARS IN

एनसीईआरटी एक्झांप्लर Physics [English] Class 12
पाठ 13 Nuclei
Exercises | Q 13.18 | पृष्ठ ८४

व्हिडिओ ट्यूटोरियलVIEW ALL [1]

संबंधित प्रश्‍न

Why is it found experimentally difficult to detect neutrinos in nuclear β-decay?


The normal activity of living carbon-containing matter is found to be about 15 decays per minute for every gram of carbon. This activity arises from the small proportion of radioactive `""_6^14"C"` present with the stable carbon isotope `""_6^12"C"`. When the organism is dead, its interaction with the atmosphere (which maintains the above equilibrium activity) ceases and its activity begins to drop. From the known half-life (5730 years) of `""_6^14"C"` and the measured activity, the age of the specimen can be approximately estimated. This is the principle of `""_6^14"C"` dating used in archaeology. Suppose a specimen from Mohenjodaro gives an activity of 9 decays per minute per gram of carbon. Estimate the approximate age of the Indus-Valley civilisation.


The Q value of a nuclear reaction \[\ce{A + b → C + d}\] is defined by

Q = [ mA+ mb− mC− md]cwhere the masses refer to the respective nuclei. Determine from the given data the Q-value of the following reactions and state whether the reactions are exothermic or endothermic.

\[\ce{^1_1H + ^3_1H -> ^2_1H + ^2_1H}\]

Atomic masses are given to be

`"m"(""_1^2"H")` = 2.014102 u

`"m"(""_1^3"H")` = 3.016049 u

`"m"(""_6^12"C")` = 12.000000 u

`"m"(""_10^20"Ne")` = 19.992439 u


In a given sample, two radioisotopes, A and B, are initially present in the ration of 1 : 4. The half lives of A and B are respectively 100 years and 50 years. Find the time after which the amounts of A and B become equal.


28Th emits an alpha particle to reduce to 224Ra. Calculate the kinetic energy of the alpha particle emitted in the following decay:

`""^228"Th" → ""^224"Ra"^(∗) + alpha`

`""^224"Ra"^(∗) → ""^224"Ra" + γ (217 "keV")`.

Atomic mass of 228Th is 228.028726 u, that of 224Ra is 224.020196 u and that of  `""_2^4H` is 4.00260 u.

(Use Mass of proton mp = 1.007276 u, Mass of `""_1^1"H"` atom = 1.007825 u, Mass of neutron mn = 1.008665 u, Mass of electron = 0.0005486 u ≈ 511 keV/c2,1 u = 931 MeV/c2.)


The decay constant of `""_80^197`Hg (electron capture to `""_79^197`Au) is 1.8 × 10−4 S−1. (a) What is the half-life? (b) What is the average-life? (c) How much time will it take to convert 25% of this isotope of mercury into gold?


Before the year 1900 the activity per unit mass of atmospheric carbon due to the presence of 14C averaged about 0.255 Bq per gram of carbon.
(a) What fraction of carbon atoms were 14C?
(b) An archaeological specimen containing 500 mg of carbon, shows 174 decays in one hour. What is the age of the specimen, assuming that its activity per unit mass of carbon when the specimen died was equal to the average value of the air? The half-life of 14C is 5730 years.


Two radioactive materials Y1 and Y2 have decay constants '5`lambda`' and `lambda` respectively. Initially they have same number of nuclei. After time 't', the ratio of number of nuclei of Y1 to that of Y2 is `1/"e"`, then 't' is equal to ______.


When a nucleus in an atom undergoes a radioactive decay, the electronic energy levels of the atom ______.


The half-life of `""_82^210Pb` is 22.3 y. How long will it take for its activity 0 30% of the initial activity?


Share
Notifications

Englishहिंदीमराठी


      Forgot password?
Use app×