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प्रश्न
Explain the term osmosis.
Define Osmosis.
उत्तर
The net spontaneous flow of solvent molecules into the solution or from more dilute solution to more concentrated solution through a semipermeable membrane is called osmosis.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Determine the osmotic pressure of a solution prepared by dissolving 2.5 × 10−2 g of K2SO4 in 2L of water at 25°C, assuming that it is completely dissociated.
(R = 0.0821 L atm K−1 mol−1, Molar mass of K2SO4 = 174 g mol−1)
Which of the following is not a colligative property?
What happens when the external pressure applied becomes more than the osmotic pressure of solution?
Blood cells are isotonic with 0.9% sodium chloride solution. What happens if we place blood cells in a solution containing
(i) 1.2% sodium chloride solution?
(ii) 0.4% sodium chloride solution?
Determine the osmotic pressure of a solution prepared by dissolving 25 mg of K2SO4 in 2 liter of water at 25°C, assuming that it is completely dissociated.
Define osmotic pressure.
Which of the following 0.1 M will aqueous solutions exert highest osmotic pressure?
(a) `Al_2(SO_4)_3`
(b) `Na_2SO_4`
(c) `MgCl_2`
(d) KCl
Calculate the mass of NaCl (molar mass = 58.5 g mol−1) to be dissolved in 37.2 g of water to lower the freezing point by 2°C, assuming that NaCl undergoes complete dissociation. (Kf for water = 1.86 K kg mol−1)
Calculate the mass of a compound (molar mass = 256 g mol−1) to be dissolved in 75 g of benzene to lower its freezing point by 0.48 K (Kf = 5.12 K kg mol−1).
Define the following term:
hypotonic solution
Choose the most correct option.
In calculating osmotic pressure the concentration of solute is expressed in _______.
Choose the most correct option.
The osmotic pressure of blood is 7.65 atm at 310 K. An aqueous solution of glucose isotonic with blood has the percentage (by volume)________.
Answer the following.
A solvent and its solution containing a nonvolatile solute are separated by a semipermeable membrane. Does the flow of solvent occur in both directions? Comment giving a reason.
Answer the following.
Explain reverse osmosis.
Answer the following.
How molar mass of a solute is determined by osmotic pressure measurement?
What are hypertonic solutions?
Explain the osmotic pressure of a solution with the help of a thistle tube.
Explain the phenomenon of osmosis.
Two solutions have different osmotic pressures. The solution of higher osmotic pressure is called ____________.
At constant temperature the osmotic pressure of a solution is ____________.
20 g of a substance were dissolved in 500 mL of water and the osmotic pressure of the solution was found to be 600 mm of mercury at 15°C. The molecular weight of the substance is:
The average osmotic pressure of human blood is 7.8 bar at 37°C. What is the concentration of an aqueous NaCl solution that could be used in the blood stream?
The temperature at which 10% aqueous solution of (W/V) of glucose will show the osmotic pressure of 16.4 atoms is: (R = 0.082 L atom K−1 mol−1)
At a given temperature, osmotic pressure of a concentrated solution of a substance ______.
Which of the following statements is false?
Isotonic solutions must have the same:
(i) solute
(ii) density
(iii) elevation in boiling point
(iv) depression in freezing point
Give an example of a material used for making semipermeable membrane for carrying out reverse osmosis.
Discuss biological and industrial importance of osmosis.
How can you remove the hard calcium carbonate layer of the egg without damaging its semiprermiable membrane? Can this egg be inserted into a bottle with a narrow neck without distorting its shape? Explain the process involved.
Osmotic pressure of a solution increases if
Which of the following colligative property can provide molar mass of proteins (or polymers or colloids) with greatest precision?
Isotonic solutions have same
Which one of the following is a colligative property?
In Isotonic solution
The vapour pressure of water is 12.3 k pa at 300 k. Calculated the vapour pressure of molal solution in it.
Derive an expression to calculate molar mass of non-volatile solute by osmotic pressure measurement.
Determine the osmotic pressure of a solution prepared by dissolving 2.32 × 10−2 g of K2SO4 in 2L of solution at 25°C assuming that K2SO4 is completely dissociated.
(R = 0.082 L atm K−1 mol, Molar mass K2SO4 = 174 g mol−1)
Isotonic solutions are the solutions having the same ______.
A solution containing 10 g glucose has osmotic pressure 3.84 atm. If 10 g more glucose is added to the same solution, what will be its osmotic pressure? (Temperature remains constant)
Define osmotic pressure (π).
Arrange the following solutions in the order of increasing osmotic pressure (π) assuming complete ionization.
- 0.5M Li2 SO4
- 0.5M KCl
- 0.5M Al2 (SO4)3
- 0.1 M BaCl2
Define reverse osmosis.
Name the four colligative properties that are oftently used for determination of molecular mass.
How will you determine molar mass of solute from osmotic pressure?
Write the condition of reverse osmosis.
