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महाराष्ट्र राज्य शिक्षण मंडळएचएससी विज्ञान (सामान्य) इयत्ता १२ वी

Write the mathematical equation for the first law of thermodynamics for: Adiabatic process - Chemistry

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प्रश्न

Write the mathematical equation for the first law of thermodynamics for:

Adiabatic process

टीपा लिहा

उत्तर

First law of thermodynamic

ΔU = Q + W

For Adiabatic process

Q = 0

ΔU = W

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First Law of Thermodynamics
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2021-2022 (March) Set 1

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संबंधित प्रश्‍न

When we heat an object, it expands. Is work done by the object in this process? Is heat given to the object equal to the increase in its internal energy?


The internal energy of an ideal gas decreases by the same amount as the work done by the system.

(a) The process must be adiabatic.

b) The process must be isothermal.

(c) The process must be isobaric.

(d) The temperature must decrease.


The pressure of a gas changes linearly with volume from 10 kPa, 200 cc to 50 kPa, 50 cc. (a) Calculate the work done by the gas. (b) If no heat is supplied or extracted from the gas, what is the change in the internal energy of the gas?


A solar cooker and a pressure cooker both are used to cook food. Treating them as thermodynamic systems, discuss the similarities and differences between them.


A resistor held in running water carries electric current. Treat the resistor as the system

  1. Does heat flow into the resistor?
  2. Is there a flow of heat into the water?
  3. Is any work done?
  4. Assuming the state of resistance to remain unchanged, apply the first law of thermodynamics to this process.

ΔU is equal to ____________ work.


Two moles of an ideal gas is expanded isothermally and reversibly at 300 K from 1 L to 10 L. The enthalpy change in kJ is ______.


Which of the following are TRUE for a reversible isothermal process?

(i) ∆U = 0

(ii) ∆H = 0

(iii) Q = W

(iv) ∆T = 0


"The mass and energy both are conserved in an isolated system", is the statement of ______.


A gas performs 0.320 kJ work on surrounding and absorbs 120 J of heat from the surrounding. Hence, change in internal energy is ______.


The process, in which no heat enters or leaves the system, is termed as ____________.


120 J of heat is added to a gaseous system, whose internal energy change is 60 J, then the amount of external work done is ____________.


Consider a cycle followed by an engine (Figure)

1 to 2 is isothermal
2 to 3 is adiabatic
3 to 1 is adiabatic


Such a process does not exist because ______.

  1. heat is completely converted to mechanical energy in such a process, which is not possible.
  2. mechanical energy is completely converted to heat in this process, which is not possible.
  3. curves representing two adiabatic processes don’t intersect.
  4. curves representing an adiabatic process and an isothermal process don’t intersect.

The first law of thermodynamics is concerned with the conservation of ______.


The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 4 moles of a rigid diatomic gas from 0°C to 50°C when no work is done is ______.

(R is the universal gas constant.)


In the reported figure, heat energy absorbed by a system in going through a cyclic process is ______ πJ.


An electric appliance supplies 6000 J/min heat to the system. If the system delivers a power of 90 W. How long it would take to increase the internal energy by 2.5 × 103 J?


Which among the following equations represents the first law of thermodynamics under isobaric conditions?


Derive an expression for the work done during an isothermal process.


If the adiabatic ratio for a gas is 5/3, find the molar specific heat capacity of the gas at (i) constant volume (ii) constant pressure.


For an isothermal and reversible expansion of 0.5 mol of an ideal gas Wmax is - 3.918 kJ. The value of ΔU is ______.


Explain the formulation of first law of thrmodynamics.


Show that the heat absorbed at constant pressure is equal to the change in enthalpy of the system.


Calculate work done when 2 moles of ideal gas expands by 5 dm3 isothermally at pressure 1.2 bar.


What is an isothermal process?


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