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Question
A solenoid 60 cm long and of radius 4.0 cm has 3 layers of windings of 300 turns each. A 2.0 cm long wire of mass 2.5 g lies inside the solenoid (near its centre) normal to its axis; both the wire and the axis of the solenoid are in the horizontal plane. The wire is connected through two leads parallel to the axis of the solenoid to an external battery which supplies a current of 6.0 A in the wire. What value of current (with appropriate sense of circulation) in the windings of the solenoid can support the weight of the wire? (g = 9.8 m s–2)
Solution
Length of the solenoid, L = 60 cm = 0.6 m
Radius of the solenoid, r = 4.0 cm = 0.04 m
It is given that there are 3 layers of windings of 300 turns each.
∴ Total number of turns, n = 3 × 300 = 900
Length of the wire, l = 2 cm = 0.02 m
Mass of the wire, m = 2.5 g = 2.5 × 10−3 kg
Current flowing through the wire, i = 6 A
Acceleration due to gravity, g = 9.8 m/s2
Magnetic field produced inside the solenoid,
B = `(μ_0"nI")/"L"`
Where,
μ0 = Permeability of free space = 4π × 10−7 T mA−1
I = Current flowing through the windings of the solenoid
Magnetic force is given by the relation,
F = Bil
= `(μ_0"nI")/"L" "il"`
Also, the force on the wire is equal to the weight of the wire.
∴ mg = `(μ_0"nIil")/"L"`
I = `"mgL"/(μ_0"nil")`
= `(2.5 xx 10^-3 xx 9.8 xx 0.6)/(4π xx 10^-7 xx 900 xx 0.02 xx 6)`
= 108 A
Hence, the current flowing through the solenoid is 108 A.
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