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Question
Give one test to distinguish between the following pair of chemicals.
Iron (III) Chloride solution and copper chloride solution.
Solution
Iron (III) chloride solution and copper chloride solution can be distinguished by using ammonium hydroxide. Copper forms a blue ppt. of Cu(OH)2 which is soluble in excess of ammonium hydroxide.
\[\ce{CuCl2 + 2NH4OH -> Cu(OH)2 + 2NH4Cl}\]
Whereas iron(III) forms a reddish brown ppt. of Fe(OH)3 which is insoluble even in excess of ammonium hydroxide.
\[\ce{FeCl3 + 3NH4OH -> Fe(OH)3 + 3NH4Cl}\]
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