Question

The types of hybrid orbitals of nitrogen in \[\ce{NO^{+}2}\] , \[\ce{NO^{-}3}\] and \[\ce{NH^{+}4}\] respectively are expected to be ______.

Options

• sp, sp³ and sp² 

• sp, sp² and sp³ 

• sp², sp and sp³ 

• sp², sp³ and sp 

Answer 1

The types of hybrid orbitals of nitrogen in \[\ce{NO^{+}2}\] , \[\ce{NO^{-}3}\] and \[\ce{NH^{+}4}\] respectively are expected to be sp, sp² and sp³.

Explanation:

The number of orbitals involved in hybridization can be determined by the application of formula:

\[\ce{H = 1/2 [V + M - C + A]}\]

Where H = number of orbitals involved in hybridization

V = valence electrons of central atom

M = number of monovalent atoms linked with central atom

C = charge on the cation

A = charge on the anion

\[\ce{NO^{+}2 : H = 1/2 [5 + 0 - 1 + 0] = 2 or sp}\]

\[\ce{NO^{-}3 : H = 1/2 [5 + 0 - 0 + 1] = 3 or sp^2}\]

\[\ce{NH^{+}4 : H = 1/2 [5 + 4 - 1 + 0] = 4 or sp^3}\]