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What is ‘Balance Sheet’? - Book Keeping and Accountancy

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Question

What is ‘balance sheet’?

Solution

A Balance Sheet is a statement which contains all the assets and liabilities of the business enterprise. It helps in knowing the exact financial position of the business. Liabilities are shown on the left-hand side of the Balance Sheet whereas Assets are shown on the right-hand side.
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Preparation of Income and Expenditure Account and Closing Balance Sheet
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2013-2014 (October)

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RELATED QUESTIONS

Following is the Balance Sheet and Receipts and Payments Account of the Sevagiri Hospital, Satara.

Prepare Income and Expenditure account for the year ended on 31 st March, 2013 and Balance Sheet as on that date :

                                         Balance Sheet as on 1st April, 2012

Liabilities Amount (Rs.) Assets Amount (Rs.)
Capital fund 1000000 Cash in hand 6000
Outstanding Salaries 22000 Cash at bank 30000
Medical bill unpaid 6000 Land and building 800000
    Furniture 70000
    Equipments 120000
    Outstanding Subscription 2000
  1028000   1028000

 

Receipts and Payments Account for the year ending 31.03.2013

Dr.     Cr.
Receipts Amount (Rs.) Payments Amount (Rs.)

To Balance b/d

           Cash in hand

           Cash at bank

 

6000

30000

By Salaries

        (including of previous year)

110000

 

To Subscription

      (includes 2000 received for previous year)

130000

 

By Medicines 48000

To Sale of old furniture

        (book value Rs. 30000)

20000

 

By Equipment purchased 20000

To Donations

        (revenue)

44000

 

By Taxes 3000
To Life membership fees 25000 By General expenses 8600
   

By Balance c/d

          Cash in hand

          Cash at bank

 

15400

50000

  255000   255000

 

Consider the following adjustments :

  1. Outstanding subscription Rs. 15,000.
  2. Capitalise the amount of life membership fees.
  3. Pre-paid taxes Rs. 500.
  4. Outstanding salary Rs. 12,000.
  5. Write off depreciation Rs. 20,000 from land and building and Rs. 30,000 from equipments.
  6. Outstanding medicine bill as on 01.04.2012 is still due.

Mrs. Meena of Bilaspur has not kept proper books of accounts, following information is provided to you.

Particulars 31.3.2012 31.3.2013
  Amount (Rs. ) Amount (Rs.)
Machinery 50000 50000
Furniture 50000 30000
Debtors 18000 25000
Creditors 18000 20000
Stock 30000 42000
Outstanding Expenses 1500 -
Prepaid Expenses - 500
Cash at Bank 28000 40000
Further information:
(1) Mrs. Meena introduced additional capital as on 1st October, 2012 by selling her personal car is Rs. 10,000.
(2) She paid her daughter's college fees from business bank account Rs. 3,000.
(3) Depreciate machinery by 5% p.a.
(4) Provide 2% on debtors for Bad and Doubtful debts.
(5) Interest on capital is to be provided @ 5% p.a. and on drawings @ 5% p.a.
Prepare : Opening and closing statement of affairs and statement of profit or loss for the year ended 31st March, 2013.

What is 'deficit'?

From the following Balance Sheet and Receipts and Payments A/c of Vidya Mandir High School, Alibag. Prepare Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended 31st March 2008 and Balance Sheet as on that date
Balance Sheet as on 1st April 2007
Liabilities Amount (Rs) Assets Amount (Rs)
Entrance Fees 6,000 Furniture 16,800
Capital Fund 1,03,800 Laboratory 20,000
    Library 25,000
    Investment 40,000
    Cash in hand 1,000
    Cash at bank 3,000
    Outstanding Tuition Fees 4,000
  1,09,800   1,09,800
       

 

Receipts and Payments Account for the year ended 31st March 2008
Receipts Amount (Rs) Payments Amount (Rs)
To Balance b/d   By Furniture Purchased 5,400
   Cash in hand 1,000 By Salaries 60,000
   Cash at bank 3,000 By Rent 28,000
To Tuition Fees 80,000 By Sundry Expenses 15,200
To Term Fees 26,200 By Annual Gathering Expenses 11,300
To Government Grant 16,000 By Insurance 4,000
To Donation of Library 30,000 By Closing Balance  
To Interest on Investment 2,000    Cash at bank 34,300
  1,58,200   1,58,200

Adjustments:
1. Tuition fees still receivable are Rs. 10,000.
2. Salaries still payable are Rs. 30,000
3. An insurance premium is paid for one year ending 30.9.2008.
4. Rent paid in advance Rs. 4,000.
5. Depreciate furniture and library at 10%.

Depreciation to be charged on the closing balances of the assets.


Expenditure on purchase of a building is a _____.


Following is the Receipts and Payments Account and additional information of Kalpana Hospital, Sakri.

Receipts and Payments Account for 

the year ended on 31st March, 2010

Dr.

Cr.

Receipts

Amount
Rs.

Payments

Amount
Rs.

To Balance b/d

6,000

By Medicines

10,000

To Subscriptions:

 

By Honorarium to Doctors

75,000

2008-2009

7,500

 

By Ambulance Maintenance

44,000

2009-2010

95,000

 

By Hospital Equip. purchased

30,000

2010-2011

15,000

1,17,500

By Furniture purchased

25,000

To Donations

55,000

By Fixed Deposits

1,00,000

To Life Membership Fees

25,000

By Balance c/d (31.3.10)

69,500

To Hospital Receipts (Revenue)

1,50,000

 

 

 

3,53,500

 

3,53,500

Additional Information:

(1) Outstanding subscription for 2009-2010 is amounted to Rs. 5,000.

(2) Hospital equipments and furniture were purchased on 1.10.2009 and both were to be depreciated at 20% p. a.

(3) Life membership fees are to be capitalized.

(4) Donations represent donations for Building fund.

(5) Staff salary for the current year is outstanding Rs. 7,500.

(6) On 1.4.2009, the hospital had the following assets and liabilities:
Land Rs. 2,50,000, Investments Rs. 50,000, Ambulance Rs. 1,02,500, Bank Loan Rs. 2,00,000.

(7) Capital Fund as on 1.4.2009 was amounted to Rs. 2,16,000.
Prepare: Income and Expenditure Account for the year ending 31st March, 2010 and the Balance Sheet as on that date.


Following is the Balance Sheet of Anil and Sunil.

Balance Sheetas on 31st March, 2008

Liabilities

Amount

(Rs)

Assets

Amount

(Rs)

Capitals :

 

 

 

 

Anil

3,60,000

Machinery

3,60,000

Sunil

2,40,000

Computer

60,000

Profit and Loss A/c

60,000

Stock in trade

2,70,000

Creditors

93,000

Debtors

1,26,000

Bank overdraft

87,000

Cash

24,000

 

 

 

 

 

8,40,000

 

8,40,000

The Profit and Losses for the last 5 years were:

Years

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

(Rs)

1,50,000

1,80,000

72,000

12,000

60,000

(Profit)

(Profit)

(Profit)

(Loss)

(Profit)

You are required to calculate the value of Goodwill at 5 years’ purchase of super profit assuming that the normal rate of return is 10% on capital employed in the similar business.


Match the following pairs : 

Group ‘A’ Group ‘B’
(1) Income and Expenditure A/c (a) Withdrawals in cash or kind
(2) Drawings (b) Negotiable instrument
(3) Bill of Exchange (c) Similar to Profit and Loss account
(4) Co-venturers’ Liability (d) Limited
(5) Intangible Asset (e) Computer

 

 

(f) Unlimited

 

 

(g) Goodwill

 

 

(h) Building

Balance Sheet is an account of business result.

Following is the summary of Receipts and Payments of Jay Bajrangbali Vyayam Shala, Ajara for the year ending on 31.03.2007.

Receipts and Payments Account

For the year ended on 31st March 2007

Dr.

 

Cr.

Receipts

Amount
Rs.

Payments

Amount Rs.

To Balance b/d

To Subscription

     2005-06

     2006-07

To Donation for Building

To Receipts from Entertainments

To Interest

To Entrance fees

41,600

 

4,120

1,60,000

50,000

 

36,440

3,240

45,000

By Salary

By Lighting

By General Expenses

By Entertainments Expenses

By Taxes Paid

By Printing and Stationery

By Expenses paid of 2005-06

By Investment

By Fixed Deposit with Ajara Urban Bank

By Balance c/d

55,000

10,000

15,360

25,800

5,000

9,440

24,000

1,20,000

40,000

 

35,800

Total

3,40,400

Total

3,40,400

1. Jay Bajrangbali Vyayam Shala has 4500 members paying annual subscription of Rs. 40 each.

2. Provide for outstanding salary Rs. 5,000.

3. On 1.4.2006 the assets stood as under:

(a)

Land and Building

Rs. 60,000

(b)

Furniture

Rs. 46,000

Depreciate the above assets at 10% p. a.

4. Interest on Investment Rs. 2,000 is not received.

5. Capital Fund was Rs. 1,27,720 on 1.4.2006.

6. 50% of the entrance fees is to be capitalized.

Prepare: Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended 31st March, 2007 and Balance Sheet as on that date.  


Answer in one sentence only.
What do you mean by recurring expenses?


Answer in one sentence only.
What does ‘surplus’ mean?


Answer in one sentence only.
Which receipts are called ‘Revenue Receipts?


Answer in one sentence only.
What do you mean by non-recurring expenses?


Write one Word / Term / Phrase for the following statement.
Excess of income over expenditure.


Select the most appropriate answer from the alternatives given below and rewrite the sentence.
Excess of income over Expenditure is termed as _________________.


Select the most appropriate answer from the alternatives given below and rewrite the sentence.
‘Not for Profit’ Concerns prepare _________________ Account instead of Profit and loss Account.


State whether the following statement is True or False.
In the Income and Expenditure Account, all incomes received during the year irrespective of the year for which they are received, are to be recorded.


State whether the following statement is True or False.
The final balancing amount of Income and Expenditure Account represents either surplus or Deficit.


State whether the following statement is True or False.
Receipts and Payments Account do not have any opening balance.


Following is the Balance Sheet and Receipts and Payments Account of Ekveera Hospital Amravati.
Balance Sheet as on 1.4.2012
LIABILITIES
AMOUNT
ASSETS
AMOUNT
Capital Fund
502000
Cash in Hand
3000
Medical bill Unpaid
3000
Cash at Bank
6000
   
Land and Building
400000
   
Furniture
35000
   
Equipments
60000
   
Outstanding Subscription
1000
 
505000
 
505000
 
Receipts and Payments Account for the year ended 31.3.2013
Receipts
Amount
Payments
Amount
To balance b/d
 
By Salaries
55000
Cash in Hand
3000
By Medicines
26000
Cash at Bank
6000
By Equipment purchased
10000
To Subscription
[Includes Rs. 1000 received for previous year]
65000
By General Expenses
4300
To Sale of Old Furniture
[Book value Rs. 15000]
10000
By Balance c/d
 
To Donations (Revenue)
22000
Cash in Hand
7700
To Life Membership Fees
12500
Cash at Bank
15500
       
 
118500
 
118500
Adjustments:
(1) Outstanding subscription Rs. 6000.
(2) Capitalise the amount of life membership fees.
(3) Outstanding Salary Rs. 6000.
(4) Depreciate Land and Building by Rs. 10000 and Equipments by Rs. 15000.
(5) Unpaid medicine bill as on 1-4-2012 is still unpaid.
 
Prepare Income and Expenditure Account for the year ending 31.3.2013 and Balance Sheet as on that date.
 

From the following Trial Balance of M/s Vishal and Vaibhav, you are required to prepare Trading and Profit and Loss Account, for the year ended 31st March 2013 and Balance Sheet as on that date after taking into consideration the adjustments given below:
Trial Balance as on 31st March 2013
Debit Balances
Amount
Credit Balances
Amount
Salary and Wages
17000
Sales
110000
Postage and Telegram
1750
Sundry Creditors
72700
Opening Stock
23500
Bills Payable
40000
Plant and Machinery
70000
10% Bank Loan
[Taken on 1st October 2012]
60000
Import Duty
3100
Outstanding Audit Fees
5900
Purchases
98500
Capital Accounts:
 
Sundry Debtors
45800
Vishal
45000
Bills Receivable
16700
Vaibhav
45000
Carriage Outward
1800
   
Wages and Salary
14000
   
Printing and Stationery
4600
   
Cash in hand
1850
   
Leasehold premises
80000
   
 
378600
 
378600
Adjustments:
(1) Closing stock was valued at Rs. 30000.
(2) Postal stamps of Rs. 250 and stationery of Rs. 400 are unused.
(3) Leasehold property is to be run for 10 years w.e.f. 1st October 2012.
(4) Depreciate Plant and Machinery at 10% p.a.
(5) Mr. Rajan, our customer, became insolvent and could not pay his debts of Rs. 1500.

Following is the balance sheet as on 1.4.2012 and receipts and payments accounts of mahakavi kalidas Library , Nashik . Balance sheet as on 31st March 2013.

Balnce sheet as on 01.04.2012

Liabilities Amount (₹) Assets Amount (₹)
Capital fund 690000 Furniture 72500
Expenses due 7000 Books 551000
    Investment in securities 50000
Cash in hand 8500
Cash in Bank 15000
  697000   697000


Receipts and Payments for the year ending 31st March ,2013

Dr.                                                                                              Cr.

Receipts  Amount (₹) Payments Amount (₹)
To Balance b/d   By electricity charges  6980
Cash in hand  8500 By postage and telegram 6100
Cash in bank 15000 By Purchase of books 80000
To member's subscriptions 180000 By Payment of expenses due 7000
To Entrance fees 25000 By Sundry expenses 10500
To Sales of old newspapers 1500 By Investment in securities 100000
To Hire of lecture hall 18000 By Furniture 28000
To Interest on securities 4000 By Balance c/d  
    Cash in hand 6420
Cash in bank 7000
  252000   252000

Adjustments:

(1) During the current year , furniture was purchased on 1.10.2012. Depreciation furniture @ 10 % p.a.

(2) Depreciate books by ₹ 100000

(3) Membership subscription received during the year includes ₹ 15000 , for the year 2013 - 14 and ₹ 7500 , are outstanding for current year.

(4) Capitalised half (1/2) of the entrance fees.

Prepare : Income and Expenditure account for the year ended 31st March 2013 and Balance sheet as on 31st march , 2013.


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