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Question
What is the difference between bathing soap and washing soaps?
Solution
Bathing soaps are potassium salts of long-chain fatty acids. They are usually soft and also free from unused alkali. While washing soaps are sodium salts of long-chain fatty acids. They are usually hard and also contain some residual alkali.
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Match the soaps given in Column I with items given in Column II.
| Column I | Column II |
| (i) Soap chips | (a) dried miniature soap bubbles |
| (ii) Soap granules | (b) small broken pieces of soap formed from melted soaps |
| (iii) Soap powder | (c) soap powder + abrasives + builders \[\ce{(Na2CO3,Na3PO4)}\] |
| (iv) Scouring soap | (d) soap powder + builders like \[\ce{Na2CO3}\] and \[\ce{Na3PO4}\] |
Assertion: Transparent soaps are made by dissolving soaps in ethanol.
Reason: Ethanol makes things invisible.
Assertion: Sodium chloride is added to precipitate soap after saponification.
Reason: Hydrolysis of esters of long-chain fatty acids by alkali produces soap in colloidal form.
