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Question
Why are certain drugs called enzyme inhibitors?
Solution
Enzymes have active sites that bind the substrate for effective and quick chemical reaction. The functional groups present at the active site of enzyme interact with functional groups of substrate via ionic bonding, hydrogen bonding, van der Waal interaction etc. Some drugs interfere with this interaction by blocking the binding site of enzyme and prevent the binding of actual substrate with enzyme. This inhibits the catalytic activity of the enzyme, therefore, these are called inhibitors.
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RELATED QUESTIONS
Which forces are involved in holding the drugs to the active site of enzymes?
Which of the following is not a target molecule for drug function in body?
Which of the following statements is not true about enzyme inhibitors?
Which site of an enzyme is called allosteric site?
What type of forces are involved in binding of substrate to the active site of enzyme?
Explain the role of allosteric site in enzyme inhibition?
Assertion: Enzymes have active sites that hold substrate molecule for a chemical reaction.
Reason: Drugs compete with natural substrate by attaching covalently to the active site of enzyme.
Assertion: Competitive inhibitors compete with natural substrate for their attachment on the active sites of enzymes.
Reason: In competitive inhibition, inhibitor binds to the allosteric site of the enzyme.
Assertion: Non-competitive inhibitor inhibits the catalyic activity of enzyme by binding with its active site.
Reason: Non-competitive inhibitor changes the shape of the active site in such a way that substrate can’t recognise it.
What are enzyme inhibitors? Classify them on the basis of their mode of attachments on the active site of enzymes. With the help of diagrams explain how do inhibitors inhibit the enzymatic activity.
