Advertisements
Advertisements
Question
Write the condition of reverse osmosis.
Solution
In reverse osmosis, the direction of osmosis can be reversed by applying a pressure greater than osmotic pressure.
APPEARS IN
RELATED QUESTIONS
Determine the osmotic pressure of a solution prepared by dissolving 2.5 × 10−2 g of K2SO4 in 2L of water at 25°C, assuming that it is completely dissociated.
(R = 0.0821 L atm K−1 mol−1, Molar mass of K2SO4 = 174 g mol−1)
What happens when the external pressure applied becomes more than the osmotic pressure of solution?
Blood cells are isotonic with 0.9% sodium chloride solution. What happens if we place blood cells in a solution containing
(i) 1.2% sodium chloride solution?
(ii) 0.4% sodium chloride solution?
A solution containing 15 g urea (molar mass = 60 g mol–1) per litre of solution in water has the same osmotic pressure (isotonic) as a solution of glucose (molar mass = 180 g mol–1) in water. Calculate the mass of glucose present in one litre of its solution.
Determine the amount of CaCl2 (i = 2.47) dissolved in 2.5 litre of water such that its osmotic pressure is 0.75 atm at 27°C.
Determine the osmotic pressure of a solution prepared by dissolving 25 mg of K2SO4 in 2 liter of water at 25°C, assuming that it is completely dissociated.
Which of the following 0.1 M will aqueous solutions exert highest osmotic pressure?
(a) `Al_2(SO_4)_3`
(b) `Na_2SO_4`
(c) `MgCl_2`
(d) KCl
Define Semipermeable membrane
Calculate the mass of NaCl (molar mass = 58.5 g mol−1) to be dissolved in 37.2 g of water to lower the freezing point by 2°C, assuming that NaCl undergoes complete dissociation. (Kf for water = 1.86 K kg mol−1)
Calculate the mass of a compound (molar mass = 256 g mol−1) to be dissolved in 75 g of benzene to lower its freezing point by 0.48 K (Kf = 5.12 K kg mol−1).
Define the following term:
isotonic solution
Define the following term:
hypertonic solution
Choose the most correct option.
In calculating osmotic pressure the concentration of solute is expressed in _______.
Answer the following in one or two sentences.
What is osmotic pressure?
Answer the following in one or two sentences.
A solution concentration is expressed in molarity and not in molality while considering osmotic pressure. Why?
Answer the following.
What are isotonic and hypertonic solutions?
Answer the following.
A solvent and its solution containing a nonvolatile solute are separated by a semipermeable membrane. Does the flow of solvent occur in both directions? Comment giving a reason.
Answer the following.
The osmotic pressure of CaCl2 and urea solutions of the same concentration at the same temperature are respectively 0.605 atm and 0.245 atm, calculate van’t Hoff factor for CaCl2.
Answer the following.
Explain reverse osmosis.
Which of the following statements is applicable for 0.1 M urea solution and 0.1 M sucrose solution?
What are hypertonic solutions?
Explain the phenomenon of osmosis.
Explain the term osmosis.
Which of the following is a colligative property?
Two solutions have different osmotic pressures. The solution of higher osmotic pressure is called ____________.
At constant temperature the osmotic pressure of a solution is ____________.
20 g of a substance were dissolved in 500 mL of water and the osmotic pressure of the solution was found to be 600 mm of mercury at 15°C. The molecular weight of the substance is:
Osmotic pressure of a solution is 0.0821 atm at a temperature of 300 K. The concentration in moles/litre will be:
A solution containing 10 g per dm3 of urea (molar mass 60 g mol−1) is isotonic with 5% solution of non-volatile solute, MB of solute is:
The temperature at which 10% aqueous solution of (W/V) of glucose will show the osmotic pressure of 16.4 atoms is: (R = 0.082 L atom K−1 mol−1)
At a given temperature, osmotic pressure of a concentrated solution of a substance ______.
Which of the following statements is false?
Give an example of a material used for making semipermeable membrane for carrying out reverse osmosis.
Discuss biological and industrial importance of osmosis.
Which of the following colligative property can provide molar mass of proteins (or polymers or colloids) with greatest precision?
Isotonic solutions have same
Which one of the following is a colligative property?
The vapour pressure of water is 12.3 k pa at 300 k. Calculated the vapour pressure of molal solution in it.
Derive an expression to calculate molar mass of non-volatile solute by osmotic pressure measurement.
Isotonic solutions are the solutions having the same ______.
A solution containing 10 g glucose has osmotic pressure 3.84 atm. If 10 g more glucose is added to the same solution, what will be its osmotic pressure? (Temperature remains constant)
Define osmotic pressure (π).
Prove that: M2 = `(W_2RT)/(πV)`.
Arrange the following solutions in the order of increasing osmotic pressure (π) assuming complete ionization.
- 0.5M Li2 SO4
- 0.5M KCl
- 0.5M Al2 (SO4)3
- 0.1 M BaCl2
Define reverse osmosis.
Name the four colligative properties that are oftently used for determination of molecular mass.