Balbharati solutions for Chemistry [English] 11 Standard chapter 2 - Introduction to Analytical Chemistry [Latest edition]

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The branch of chemistry which deals with study of separation, identification, and quantitative determination of the composition of different substances is called as __________

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Which one of the following property of matter is Not quantitative in nature?

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SI unit of mass is _________

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The number of significant figures in 1.50 × 10⁴ g is __________

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In Avogadro’s constant 6.022 × 10²³ mol^-1, the number of significant figures is ________

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By decomposition of 25 g of CaCO₃, the amount of CaO produced will be ________

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How many grams of water will be produced by complete combustion of 12 g of methane gas?

Two elements A (At. mass 75) and B (At. mass 16) combine to give a compound having 75.8 % of A. The formula of the compound is ______.

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The hydrocarbon contains 79.87% carbon and 20.13% of hydrogen. What is its empirical formula?

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How many grams of oxygen will be required to react completely with 27 g of Al? (Atomic mass: Al = 27, O = 16)

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In CuSO₄.5H₂O the percentage of water is ______
(Cu = 63.5, S = 32, O = 16, H = 1)

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When two properties of a system are mathematically related to each other, the relation can be deduced by

Define: Least count

What do you mean by significant figures?

State the rules for deciding significant figures.

Distinguish between accuracy and precision.

Explain the term percentage composition.

Explain the term empirical formula.

Explain the term molecular formula.

What is a limiting reagent? Explain.

What do you mean by SI units?

What is the SI unit of mass?

Explain the term mole fraction

Explain the term molarity

Explain the term molality

Define Stoichiometry. 

Why there is a need of rounding off figures during calculation?

Why does the molarity of a solution depend upon temperature?

Define Analytical chemistry.

Why is accurate measurement crucial in science?

How many significant figure is in the following quantity?

45.26 ft

Solve the following question:

How many significant figure is in the following quantity?

0.109 in

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How many significant figure is in the following quantity?

0.00025 kg

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How many significant figure is in the following quantity?

2.3659 × 10^-8 cm

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How many significant figure is in the following quantity?

52.0 cm³

Solve the following question:

How many significant figure is in the following quantity?

0.00020 kg

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How many significant figure is in the following quantity?

8.50 × 10⁴ mm

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How many significant figure is in the following quantity?

300.0 cg

Solve the following question:

Round off the following quantity to two significant figures:

25.55 mL

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Round off the following quantity to two significant figures:

0.00254 m

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Round off the following quantity to two significant figures:

1.491 × 10⁵ mg

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Round off the following quantity to two significant figures:

199 g

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Round off the following quantity to three significant figures:

1.43 cm³

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Round off the following quantity to three significant figures:

458 × 10² cm

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Round off the following quantity to three significant figures:

643 cm²

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Round off the following quantity to three significant figures:

0.039 m

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Round off the following quantity to three significant figures:

6.398 × 10^-3 km

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Round off the following quantity to three significant figures:

0.0179 g

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Round off the following quantity to three significant figures:

79,000 m

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Round off the following quantity to three significant figures:

42,150

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Round off the following quantity to three significant figures:

649.85

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Round off the following quantity to three significant figures:

23,642,000 mm

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Round off the following quantity to three significant figures:

0.0041962 kg

Express the following sum to the appropriate number of significant figures:

2.3 × 10³ mL + 4.22 × 10⁴ mL + 9.04 × 10³ mL + 8.71 × 10⁵ mL

Solve the following question:

Express the following sum to the appropriate number of significant figures:

319.5 g − 20460 g − 0.0639 g − 45.642 g − 4.173 g

Solve the following problem:

Express the following quantity in exponential terms.

0.0003498

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Express the following quantity in exponential terms.

235.4678

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Express the following quantity in exponential terms.

70000.0

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Express the following quantity in exponential terms.

1569.00

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Give the number of significant figures for the following.

1.230 × 10⁴

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Give the number of significant figures for the following.

0.002030

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Give the number of significant figures for the following.

1.23 × 10⁴

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Give the number of significant figures for the following.

1.89 × 10^-4

Solve the following problem:

Express the given quantity with or without exponents as the case may be.

1.230 × 10⁴

Solve the following problem:

Express the given quantity with or without exponents as the case may be.

0.002030

Solve the following problem:

Express the given quantity with or without exponents as the case may be.

1.23 × 10⁴

Solve the following problem:

Express the given quantity with or without exponents as the case may be.

1.89 × 10^-4

Solve the following problem:

Find out the molar mass of the following compounds:

Copper sulphate crystal (CuSO₄.5H₂O)

(At. mass: Cu = 63.5; S = 32; O = 16; H = 1; Na = 23; C = 12; Fe = 56; N = 14)

Solve the following problem:

Find out the molar mass of the following compounds:

Sodium carbonate, decahydrate (Na₂CO₃.10H₂O)

(At. mass: Cu = 63.5; S = 32; O = 16; H = 1; Na = 23; C = 12; Fe = 56; N = 14)

Solve the following problem:

Find out the molar mass of the following compounds:

Mohr’s salt [FeSO₄(NH₄)₂SO₄.6H₂O]

(At. mass: Cu = 63.5; S = 32; O = 16; H = 1; Na = 23; C = 12; Fe = 56; N = 14)

Solve the following problem:

Work out the percentage composition of constituent elements in the following compound:

Lead phosphate [Pb₃(PO₄)₂]

(At. mass: Pb = 207; P = 31; O = 16; K = 39; Cr = 52; Na = 23; N = 14)

Solve the following problem:

Work out the percentage composition of constituent elements in the following compound:

Potassium dichromate (K₂Cr₂O₇)

(At. mass: Pb = 207; P = 31; O = 16; K = 39; Cr = 52; Na = 23; N = 14)

Solve the following problem:

Work out the percentage composition of constituent elements in the following compound:

Macrocosmic salt - Sodium ammonium hydrogen phosphate, tetrahydrate (NaNH₄HPO₄.4H₂O)

(At. mass: Pb = 207; P = 31; O = 16; K = 39; Cr = 52; Na = 23; N = 14)

Solve the following problem:

Find the percentage composition of constituent green vitriol crystals (FeSO₄.7H₂O). Also, find out the mass of iron and the water of crystallisation in 4.54 kg of the crystals. (At. mass : Fe = 56; S = 32; O = 16)

Solve the following problem:

The red colour of blood is due to a compound called “haemoglobin”. It contains 0.335% of iron. Four atoms of iron are present in one molecule of haemoglobin. What is its molecular weight? (At. mass: Fe = 55.84)

A substance, on analysis, gave the following percent composition: Na = 43.4%, C = 11.3% and O = 45.3%. Calculate the empirical formula. (At. mass Na = 23 u, C = 12 u, O = 16 u).

Solve the following problem:

Assuming the atomic weight of a metal M to be 56, find the empirical formula of its oxide containing 70.0% of M.

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1.00 g of a hydrated salt contains 0.2014 g of iron, 0.1153 g of sulfur, 0.2301 g of oxygen, and 0.4532 g of water of crystallisation. Find the empirical formula. (At. wt.: Fe = 56; S = 32; O = 16)

Solve the following problem:

An organic compound containing oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen contains 20% carbon, 6.7% hydrogen, and 46.67% nitrogen. Its molecular mass was found to be 60. Find the molecular formula of the compound.

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A compound on analysis gave the following percentage composition by mass: H = 9.09; O = 36.36; C = 54.55. Mol mass of compound is 88 g mol⁻¹. Find its molecular formula.

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Carbohydrates are compounds containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. When heated in the absence of air, these compounds decompose to form carbon and water. If 310 g of a carbohydrate leaves a residue of 124 g of carbon on heating in absence of air, what is the empirical formula of the carbohydrate?

Solve the following problem:

Write the following in exponential notation:

3,672,199

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Write the following in exponential notation:

0.000098

Solve the following problem:

Write the following in exponential notation:

0.00461

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Write the following in exponential notation:

198.75

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Write the following number in ordinary decimal form:

3.49 × 10⁻¹¹

Solve the following problem:

Write the following number in ordinary decimal form:

3.75 × 10⁻¹

Solve the following problem:

Write the following number in ordinary decimal form:

5.16 × 10⁴

Solve the following problem:

Write the following number in ordinary decimal form:

43.71 × 10⁻⁴

Solve the following problem:

Write the following number in ordinary decimal form:

0.011 × 10⁻³

Solve the following problem:

Write the following number in ordinary decimal form:

14.3 × 10⁻²

Solve the following problem:

Write the following number in ordinary decimal form:

0.00477 × 10⁵

Solve the following problem:

Write the following number in ordinary decimal form:

5.00858585

Solve the following problem:

Perform the following calculation. Round off your answer to two digits.

`1/(3.40xx10^24)`

Solve the following problem:

Perform the following calculation. Round off your answer to two digits.

`33/(9.00xx10^-4)`

Solve the following problem:

Perform the following calculation. Round off your answer to two digits.

`(1.4xx10^9)/((2.77xx10^3)(3.76xx10^5))`

Solve the following problem:

Perform the following calculation. Round off your answer to two digits.

`((4xx10^-3)(9.9xx10^-7))/((789)(1.002xx10^-10)(0.3xx10^2))`

Perform each of the following calculations. Round off your answers to three digits.

(3.26104) (1.54106)

Solve the following problem:

Perform the following calculation. Round off your answer to three digits.

(8.39 × 10⁷) × (4.53 × 10⁹)

Solve the following problem:

Perform the following calculation. Round off your answer to three digits.

`(8.94xx10^6)/(4.35xx10^4)`

Solve the following problem:

Perform the following calculation. Round off your answer to three digits.

`((9.28xx10^9)(9.9xx10^-7))/((511)(2.98xx10^-6))`

Solve the following problem:

Perform the following operation:

3.971 × 10⁷ + 1.98 × 10⁴

Solve the following problem:

Perform the following operation:

1.05 × 10⁻⁴ − 9.7 × 10⁻⁵

Solve the following problem:

Perform the following operation:

4.11 × 10⁻³ + 8.1 ×10⁻⁴

Solve the following problem:

Perform the following operation:

2.12 × 10⁶ − 3.5 × 10⁵

Solve the following problem:

A 1.000 mL sample of acetone, a common solvent used as a paint remover, was placed in a small bottle whose mass was known to be 38.0015 g.
The following values were obtained when the acetone - filled bottle was weighed: 38.7798 g, 38.7795 g and 38.7801 g. How would you characterise the precision and accuracy of these measurements if the actual mass of the acetone was 0.7791 g?

Solve the following problem:

Your laboratory partner was given the task of measuring the length of a box (approx 5 in) as accurately as possible, using a metre stick graduated in milimeters. He supplied you with the following measurements:

12.65 cm, 12.6 cm, 12.65 cm, 12.655 cm, 126.55 mm, 12 cm.

State which of the measurements you would accept, giving the reason.

Solve the following problem:

Your laboratory partner was given the task of measuring the length of a box (approx 5 in) as accurately as possible, using a metre stick graduated in milimeters. He supplied you with the following measurements:

12.65 cm, 12.6 cm, 12.65 cm, 12.655 cm, 126.55 mm, 12 cm.

Give your reason for rejecting each of the others.

Solve the following problem:

What weight of calcium oxide will be formed on heating 19.3 g of calcium carbonate?
(At. wt.: Ca = 40; C = 12; O = 16)

Solve the following problem:

The hourly energy requirements of an astronaut can be satisfied by the energy released when 34 grams of sucrose are “burnt” in his body. How many grams of oxygen would be needed to be carried in space capsule to meet his requirement for one day?